Question 1

What is the difference between story and plot in film?

Accepted Answer

Story refers to the entire narrative world, including events that are implied or occur off-screen, while plot is the specific sequence of events shown to the audience. For example, in 'The Sixth Sense', the story includes the fact that Dr. Malcolm Crowe is dead throughout the film, but the plot only reveals this at the end. Understanding this distinction helps you analyse how filmmakers control information to create suspense or surprise.

Question 2

How do I analyse narrative structure in a film essay?

Accepted Answer

Start by identifying the overall structure (e.g., linear, non-linear, circular). Then, break it down into key stages, such as Todorov's equilibrium model. For each stage, explain how the filmmaker uses specific techniques (e.g., editing, music, dialogue) to signal changes in the narrative. Finally, discuss the effect on the audience—does it create tension, empathy, or confusion? Always link back to the film's themes or messages.

Question 3

What are the main narrative theories I need to know for GCSE?

Accepted Answer

The key theories are Todorov's equilibrium (narrative as a movement from balance to imbalance and back), Propp's character types (hero, villain, donor, etc.), and Barthes' enigma codes (mysteries that drive the plot). You should also be aware of Levi-Strauss's binary oppositions (e.g., good vs. evil) as they often underpin narrative conflict. Knowing these theories allows you to apply a critical framework to your analysis.

Question 4

How do flashbacks affect the narrative?

Accepted Answer

Flashbacks disrupt the chronological order to provide background information, reveal character motivation, or create dramatic irony. For example, in 'The Godfather Part II', flashbacks show Vito Corleone's past, contrasting with Michael's present and highlighting themes of power and corruption. When analysing flashbacks, consider how they change the audience's understanding of characters or events and why the filmmaker chose that moment to reveal the information.

Question 5

Can a film have multiple narratives?

Accepted Answer

Yes, many films use multiple narratives or storylines that may intersect or run parallel. This is common in ensemble films like 'Love Actually' or 'Crash'. Each narrative may have its own structure and characters, but they often share themes or converge at key moments. Analysing multiple narratives involves comparing how each storyline develops and how they relate to each other to create a unified meaning.

Question 6

What is the role of the narrator in film?

Accepted Answer

A narrator can be a character within the story (first-person) or an external voice (third-person). The narrator guides the audience's interpretation by providing information, commentary, or emotional insight. For example, in 'Forrest Gump', Forrest's voiceover gives us access to his thoughts and feelings, making us empathise with him. However, narrators can also be unreliable, as in 'Fight Club', where the narrator's perspective is distorted, challenging the audience to question the truth.

Narrative

Topic Overview

Key Concepts

What You Need to Demonstrate

Marking Points

Examiner Tips

Common Mistakes

Frequently Asked Questions

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Related Topics in OCR GCSE Film Studies

3D film

Aesthetics

Characters

Cinematography (including lighting)

How to Revise Narrative — OCR GCSE Film Studies

Examiner Tips for Narrative

Key Marking Points