Horticulture & Land Management

    City & Guilds Limited
    Vocational

    Specification: 603/2934/8

    The CITY-AND-GUILDS-LIMITED Vocational Horticulture & Land Management specification covers 440 topics with 2107 learning objectives (603/2934/8). Use the topic browser below to explore subtopics, exam tips, common mistakes, and key terminology for each area of the course.

    This subject will help you develop key knowledge and skills required for exam success.

    440

    Units

    2107

    Learning Outcomes

    4113

    Assessment Guidance

    4569

    Key Skills

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    Key Features

    • Master key concepts
    • Develop exam technique
    • Apply knowledge effectively

    Common Exam Mistakes

    Pitfalls to avoid in your exams

    • •Over- or under-diluting liquid fertilisers.
    • •Applying fertiliser to dry soil without watering in.
    • •Confusing business structures (e.g., sole trader vs limited company).
    • •Overlooking external factors affecting the marketplace.
    • •Inaccurate financial record keeping or calculations.
    • •Skipping pre-use checks.
    • •Incorrect use of controls.
    • •Ignoring site-specific hazards.

    Top Examiner Tips

    Expert advice for exam success

    • •Follow manufacturer instructions precisely.
    • •Wear appropriate PPE.
    • •Use real-world examples from horticulture to illustrate points.
    • •Understand key financial terms like profit, loss, and cash flow.
    • •Practice interpreting financial statements.
    • •Always conduct a thorough pre-use inspection.
    • •Practise manoeuvring in a safe area.
    • •Know the key legislation such as PUWER.

    Qualification Units

    440 units

    How this qualification is graded

    Vocational qualifications are marked against criteria, not an exam percentage. Each unit is assessed across three bands - build up from Pass by applying your knowledge to realistic workplace scenarios.

    Pass

    Accurately describe and explain the core knowledge for the unit and link it to the given scenario.

    Merit

    Apply and analyse that knowledge in detail, showing why it matters in the workplace context.

    Distinction

    Evaluate and justify decisions, weigh up alternatives and make well-reasoned professional recommendations.

    Apply fertiliser to plants

    This topic covers understanding plant fertiliser requirements and applying liquid and dry fertilisers correctly. It includes preparation, application methods, and safety.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Business Management in the Land-based Sector

    Business management in the land-based sector covers industry breadth, business structures, marketplace understanding, and financial record keeping. It prepares learners for managing horticultural enterprises.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture +5 more

    20 learning outcomes65 guidance points8 criteria

    Prepare and Operate a Base Machine

    This topic covers safe operation of a base machine in forestry, including preparation, driving, and knowledge of health and safety legislation. Learners will demonstrate practical skills and theoretical understanding.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award in Forest Machine Operations - Base Machine, City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award in Forest Machine Operations - Base Machine with Forwarder, City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award in Forest Machine Operations - Base Machine with Felling and Processing +1 more

    9 learning outcomes31 guidance points4 criteria

    Operating Mounted, Trailed and Self Propelled Air/Fluid Nozzle Horizontal Boom Sprayers

    This subtopic focuses on the safe and effective operation of horizontal boom sprayers for pesticide application, covering pre-operational checks, calibration, environmental risk assessment, and post-operational procedures. Candidates must demonstrate competence in interpreting product labels, complying with legal requirements, and adjusting equipment to achieve accurate application rates while minimizing environmental impact. Mastery ensures pesticides are applied efficiently within legislative frameworks such as the Plant Protection Products (Sustainable Use) Regulations 2012.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Safe Application of Pesticides Using Self Propelled, Mounted or Trailed Horizontal Boom Sprayers

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Prepare and operate machinery to process trees

    This element focuses on the safe and efficient preparation and operation of forest machinery for processing felled trees, including pre-start checks, maneuvering, and processing techniques. Learners must demonstrate competence in aligning machinery with industry standards and health and safety legislation, ensuring productivity while minimizing environmental impact and personal risk.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award in Forest Machine Operations - Processing, City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award in Forest Machine Operations - Base Machine with Felling and Processing

    7 learning outcomes20 guidance points2 criteria

    Establish and Manage Exterior Plant Displays

    This element covers the comprehensive skills needed to design, plant, and sustain a range of outdoor plant displays, from seasonal bedding to permanent shrub and rose gardens. Emphasis is placed on practical site assessment, appropriate plant selection, and sustainable maintenance techniques that meet industry standards.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    19 learning outcomes44 guidance points5 criteria

    Prepare and Operate a Skidder

    This element focuses on the safe and efficient preparation and operation of a skidder in forest machine operations. Learners must demonstrate competence in conducting pre-start inspections, understanding relevant health and safety legislation, and applying correct operating techniques to extract timber while minimizing environmental impact. Mastery of these skills ensures compliance with industry good practice and legal requirements for skidder use in forestry settings.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award In Forest Machine Operations - Skidder, City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award in Forest Machine Operations - Base Machine with Skidder

    2 learning outcomes18 guidance points2 criteria

    Prepare and Operate a Loader

    This subtopic addresses the critical competencies for preparing and safely operating a static loader in forestry and land-based industries. It encompasses pre-operational checks, efficient load handling, and strict adherence to health and safety legislation. Mastery ensures operational efficiency while minimising environmental harm and maintaining workplace safety.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award in Forest Machine Operations - Static Loader

    6 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Prepare, drive and manoeuvre forwarder

    This subtopic focuses on the competent operation of a forwarder, covering pre-start checks, safe driving on varied forest terrain, precise manoeuvring in confined spaces, and compliance with health and safety legislation. Mastery ensures efficient timber extraction while minimising environmental impact and machine wear.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award in Forest Machine Operations - Forwarder, City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award in Forest Machine Operations - Base Machine with Forwarder

    2 learning outcomes16 guidance points2 criteria

    Handheld Leaf Blower or Vacuum Operations

    This subtopic equips learners with the knowledge and practical competence to safely operate handheld leaf blowers and vacuums in line with current legislation and environmental good practice. It covers pre-use checks and maintenance, conducting site-specific risk assessments, correct operational techniques, post-use procedures, and proper cleaning and storage. Mastery ensures efficient grounds maintenance while minimising risks to operators, the public, and the environment.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award In the Safe Use of Handheld Leaf Blowers and Vacuums

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Aerate turf by hand

    Aerating turf by hand involves manually perforating the soil to alleviate compaction, enhance gaseous exchange, improve water infiltration, and promote deeper root development. This fundamental horticultural practice is essential for maintaining healthy, resilient turf in domestic gardens, sports fields, and amenity areas, and underpins more advanced turf management skills.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes28 guidance points3 criteria

    Remove branches and breakdown crowns using a chainsaw

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills required to safely remove branches and dismantle tree crowns using a chainsaw from the ground or an elevated platform. Learners must apply cutting techniques to control branch sections, observe safe working practices, and manage hazards as per current industry legislation and good practice. Competence in this area is essential for arboricultural operations and is assessed through practical demonstration of sequential breakdown cuts, appropriate use of aids, and adherence to risk assessment protocols.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award in Branch Removal and Crown Breakdown using a Chainsaw

    1 learning outcomes11 guidance points

    Safe use of a mobile elevated work platform

    This subtopic covers the essential procedures for safely preparing, operating, and transporting a Mobile Elevated Work Platform (MEWP) in horticulture and land management settings. Learners must demonstrate competence in conducting pre-use checks, maneuvering the platform in various conditions, and securing it for transport, ensuring compliance with health and safety regulations and manufacturer guidelines. Practical application includes tasks such as tree work, maintenance, and construction at height, where proper use prevents accidents and equipment damage.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award In The Safe Use of Mobile Elevated Work Platform

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Carry out harvesting operations

    This element covers the essential skills and knowledge for effective crop harvesting in a work-based horticulture setting. Learners must demonstrate competence in assessing crop readiness, selecting and maintaining appropriate tools and equipment, and performing harvesting operations safely while adhering to environmental good practice and current legislation. Practical application involves integrating health and safety responsibilities, minimising waste and soil damage, and ensuring harvested produce meets quality specifications for the market.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Prepare and Operate Machinery to Process Timber

    This subtopic focuses on the safe and efficient preparation and operation of mobile machinery for processing timber in forestry environments. Learners must demonstrate competence in selecting, carrying out pre-use checks, and manoeuvring machinery to position it correctly for processing tasks, while adhering to health and safety legislation and industry best practice. Practical application includes cross-cutting timber to specification, managing brash, and maintaining situational awareness of site hazards.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award In Forest Machine Operations - Processing Timber (Mobile)

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Choker Person Operations

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills and safety knowledge required for a choker person during cable crane operations in forestry. It covers site preparation, machine selection, and safe working practices when attaching chokers to timber, ensuring efficient and hazard-free yarding. The content emphasizes compliance with Health and Safety legislation and industry best practice to prevent accidents in high-risk environments.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award In Forest Machine Operations - Chokerman

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Principles of Safe Handling and Application of Pesticides

    This element covers the critical principles necessary for the safe and responsible use of pesticides in land-based sectors. Learners must demonstrate understanding of legislation, product labels, risk mitigation for human health and the environment, proper storage, transport, disposal procedures, and accurate record keeping to comply with legal and best practice standards.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award in the Principles of Safe Handling and Application of Pesticides, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Safe Application of Pesticides Using Self Propelled, Mounted or Trailed Horizontal Boom Sprayers, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In The Safe Application of Pesticides Using Pedestrian Hand Held Equipment

    3 learning outcomes29 guidance points3 criteria

    Carry Out Ground-based Arboricultural Operations

    This element focuses on the essential competencies required for ground-based arboricultural operations, specifically the routine maintenance of powered and hand tools to ensure safe and efficient use, and the correct procedure for setting out a job site. Learners must demonstrate the ability to prepare work areas in compliance with health and safety regulations, considering public access, environmental factors, and operational logistics. Mastery of these skills underpins all practical arboricultural work and is critical for preventing accidents and equipment failure.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Extended Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture

    13 learning outcomes28 guidance points3 criteria

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Certificate of Competence in the Safe Use of Abrasive Wheel Machines - Core Content

    This core content element equips learners with the essential knowledge and practical skills to safely select, inspect, mount, and operate abrasive wheel machines, in compliance with the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations (PUWER). It covers legal duties, risk assessment, personal protective equipment, wheel characteristics, and correct machine procedures to prevent catastrophic wheel failure and injury. Mastery ensures candidates can demonstrate competence when using bench grinders, angle grinders, or cut-off saws in horticultural and land-based settings.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Certificate of Competence in the Safe Use of Abrasive Wheel Machines

    3 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Assist with animal accommodation

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills required to safely and effectively assist with the cleaning and day-to-day maintenance of animal accommodation within a land-based context. Learners will demonstrate competence in using appropriate tools and products while adhering to biosecurity protocols, thereby ensuring animal welfare and compliance with workplace health and safety standards.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    3 learning outcomes21 guidance points3 criteria

    Display of floristry goods

    This element focuses on the principles and practical skills required to create effective displays of floristry goods, including planning, construction, pricing, labelling, evaluation, and modification. Learners will develop the ability to apply visual merchandising techniques specific to floristry, such as considering colour, balance, and focal points, to attract customers and increase sales. Practical application involves creating displays that are commercially viable, legally compliant with pricing and labelling regulations, and adaptable to changing stock and seasonal demands.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Award in Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Floristry

    3 learning outcomes22 guidance points3 criteria

    Prepare and Operate a Stump Grinder

    This subtopic equips learners with the knowledge and practical skills to safely prepare and operate a stump grinder, encompassing site risk assessment, pre-use checks, and correct operational techniques. It emphasises compliance with health and safety legislation and manufacturer guidelines, ensuring effective stump removal while minimising risks to people, property, and the environment.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award In the Safe Use of Stump Grinders

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Prepare and Operate Cable Crane for Timber Extraction

    This subtopic focuses on the safe preparation, setup, and operation of a cable crane system for timber extraction in forestry environments. It covers site and machinery selection, grounding anchors, spar tree rigging, tensioning procedures, and compliance with relevant health and safety legislation. Mastery ensures efficient timber recovery while minimising environmental impact and operational risk.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award in Forest Machine Operations - Cable Crane

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Building Working Relationships with Customers

    This element explores the critical role of employee-customer interactions in shaping public perception of a floristry business, emphasizing that every point of contact either strengthens or weakens the organisation's reputation. It also examines the rationale behind customer service protocols—such as complaint handling, sales procedures, and communication standards—which ensure consistency, professionalism, and legal compliance. Mastery involves applying these protocols in real floristry settings to build trust, loyalty, and positive working relationships with clients.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Communicate information within the workplace

    This subtopic focuses on the essential skills for effective workplace communication within a floristry environment, ensuring accurate order processing, seamless teamwork, and compliance with legal requirements. Learners will develop competence in receiving and transmitting information through appropriate channels, such as verbal briefings, written order forms, and digital messages, to maintain high service standards and avoid costly errors. Mastery of these skills directly impacts customer satisfaction, waste reduction, and professional reputation in the floristry industry.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture +1 more

    4 learning outcomes32 guidance points4 criteria

    Apply consumer legislation in a horticultural retail environment

    This subtopic equips learners with the knowledge of key consumer protection laws such as the Consumer Rights Act 2015, and the practical skills to apply them in a garden centre or nursery setting. It emphasizes accurate product descriptions, handling refunds, and ensuring plant health and safety compliance. Mastery ensures legal compliance and enhanced customer trust.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Assess the characteristics of sites

    This subtopic focuses on the systematic evaluation of horticultural sites through primary and secondary data collection, followed by critical analysis to inform planting, construction, and management decisions. Learners will develop practical skills in soil surveying, climatic monitoring, and vegetation assessment to produce comprehensive site appraisal reports. The outcome is the ability to produce evidence-based recommendations for sustainable land use, ensuring compliance with legal and environmental standards.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    8 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Prepare and Operate a wood-chipper

    This subtopic covers the essential preparatory and operational procedures for the safe use of a manually fed wood-chipper, emphasising risk assessment, site setup, machine checks, and correct feeding techniques. It equips learners with the competence to prevent accidents and maintain equipment, ensuring compliance with industry safety standards and legal requirements.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award In Safe Use of Manually Fed Wood-chipper

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Access a tree using a rope and harness

    This element covers the essential skills and knowledge required to safely ascend, position, and descend a tree using rope and harness techniques. Learners will apply industry-standard climbing methods, equipment inspection protocols, and risk assessments in line with health and safety legislation. Mastery ensures safe and efficient access for tree work operations, minimizing risks to self and others.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    6 learning outcomes11 guidance points

    Prepare and operate machinery to fell trees

    This element focuses on the safe preparation, operation, and maneuvering of mechanized felling equipment such as harvesters or feller bunchers. Learners must demonstrate competence in pre-use checks, site hazard identification, and precise felling techniques while adhering to health and safety legislation and industry best practice. Mastery ensures efficient timber harvesting with minimal environmental impact and operator risk.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award in Forest Machine Operations - Felling, City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award in Forest Machine Operations - Base Machine with Felling and Processing

    7 learning outcomes18 guidance points2 criteria

    Installing Pesticide Plugs in Tree Stumps

    This element covers the correct and safe installation of pesticide plugs into tree stumps to control regrowth and prevent disease. It includes understanding legal requirements such as COSHH and pesticide regulations, conducting site-specific environmental assessments, interpreting product labels for accurate dosage calculation, and performing the practical application. Post-operational procedures ensure equipment is decontaminated and records are maintained to comply with industry standards.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Award In The Safe Application of Pesticides Using Pedestrian Hand Held Equipment

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Trimmer and Brushcutter Operations

    This element covers the essential knowledge and skills for safe and effective operation of brushcutters and trimmers in land-based industries. It focuses on pre-use checks, risk assessment, correct PPE selection, maintenance routines, and proficient cutting techniques to ensure operator safety and environmental compliance. Practical application includes vegetation management, verge maintenance, and landscaped area upkeep.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award In the Safe Use of Brush-cutters and Trimmers

    8 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Use and maintain chippers and/or shredders

    This element covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to safely operate and maintain chippers and shredders in amenity operations. Learners must demonstrate competence in pre-use checks, safe operating procedures, and routine maintenance, while adhering to relevant health and safety legislation and environmental practices such as noise control, dust suppression, and waste management.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award In the Safe Use of Shredders in Amenity Operations

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Measure Trees and Carry Out Woodland Sampling

    This subtopic equips learners with essential skills in dendrometry and forest inventory, focusing on the precise measurement of individual trees and the estimation of timber volume. Practical applications include sustainable forest management, timber valuation, and compliance with UK forestry standards. Mastery of these techniques underpins effective woodland planning and resource assessment.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +2 more

    20 learning outcomes42 guidance points5 criteria

    Prepare and Operate Machinery for Drainage or Mounding

    This subtopic focuses on the safe and efficient preparation and operation of specialist forest machinery for drainage and mounding operations. Learners must demonstrate competence in conducting pre-use checks, machine setup, and operational techniques that conform to site plans and environmental constraints. Mastery ensures minimal ground disturbance and compliance with industry standards for forestry establishment.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award In Forest Machine Operations - Drainage or Mounding

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Prepare and Operate a Clearing Saw

    This subtopic covers the essential practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to safely prepare and operate a forestry clearing saw. Learners will focus on conducting site-specific risk assessments, selecting and adjusting appropriate personal protective equipment, and performing pre-start checks and routine maintenance. Successful completion demonstrates competence in handling the equipment correctly to minimize environmental impact and personal injury while achieving effective vegetation clearance.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award In the Safe Use of Forestry Clearing Saw

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Practices of using Rodenticides for Vertebrate Pest Control, Rats & Mice

    This subtopic covers the safe and effective use of rodenticides for controlling rat and mouse infestations, emphasizing compliance with legislative requirements, environmental risk assessment, and integrated pest management. It includes understanding rodent biology and behaviour, conducting site surveys, selecting and applying rodenticides safely, and implementing post-operational procedures to protect non-target species and the environment.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award In the Safe Use of Pesticides for Vertebrate Pest Control for Rats and Mice

    1 learning outcomes5 guidance points

    Prepare and Operate a Flail/Mulcher

    This element focuses on the safe preparation and operation of a flail/mulcher in forestry and land management contexts. Learners must demonstrate competence in pre-use checks, safe operating procedures, and compliance with relevant health and safety legislation and industry codes of practice. The practical application involves clearing vegetation, mulching brash, and managing forest residues effectively.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award In Forest Machine Operations - Flail/Mulcher

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Assist with the movement of animals

    This topic focuses on assisting with the movement of animals, including moving them between locations and loading/unloading for transport. Learners will develop practical skills in handling animals safely and humanely.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Manage Amenity Turf

    This subtopic explores the principles and practices of managing amenity turf to meet Performance Quality Standards (PQS), which are benchmarks for appearance, playability, and safety. It covers the assessment of turf quality, the implementation of maintenance operations such as mowing, aeration, and feeding, and the evaluation of their effectiveness in achieving desired standards. Learners will develop the ability to make informed decisions to sustain high-quality turf surfaces in diverse amenity settings.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    11 learning outcomes38 guidance points5 criteria

    Dead-head rose bushes, Rhododendrons or other shrubs

    This subtopic introduces learners to the essential horticultural practice of dead-heading, focusing on roses, rhododendrons, and other shrubs. Dead-heading involves the removal of faded or spent flowers to promote further blooming, maintain plant health, and improve aesthetic appearance. Proficiency in this technique is fundamental to routine garden maintenance and underpins broader skills in plant care.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills

    7 learning outcomes22 guidance points3 criteria

    Design a show garden

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills needed to design a show garden, from interpreting a client’s brief to producing professional-scale plans, 3D visualisations, and comprehensive submission documents. It equips learners with the ability to translate creative concepts into technically accurate, industry-standard presentations that meet competition or exhibition requirements.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Conduct and report on a field survey for plants

    This element equips learners with the practical skills to plan and execute systematic field surveys for plants, ensuring accurate data collection on species, distribution, and health. It emphasises adherence to health and safety protocols and environmental stewardship, including biosecurity and habitat protection. The final reporting stage develops the ability to analyse findings and communicate management recommendations effectively within professional horticulture or land management contexts.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    7 learning outcomes13 guidance points2 criteria

    Design a contemporary style garden

    This subtopic introduces learners to the fundamental principles of garden design and their application in creating a contemporary garden. It explores the characteristics of contemporary garden style—clean lines, minimalism, use of modern materials, and functional outdoor spaces—and guides students through the process of producing a cohesive design plan. Mastery of this unit enables learners to translate client briefs into innovative, sustainable, and aesthetically pleasing garden layouts that meet contemporary trends.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Clear sites for planting

    Clearing sites for planting involves the removal of vegetation, debris, and obstacles to prepare land for tree and shrub establishment. This process requires careful assessment of site conditions, selection and safe operation of appropriate tools and machinery, and adherence to environmental and safety regulations. Effective site clearance ensures optimal growing conditions, minimises competition from weeds, and reduces risks from pests and diseases, while maintaining soil structure and minimising ecological disturbance.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes13 guidance points

    Manage Advanced Nursery Stock Production

    This subtopic covers advanced techniques in planning and managing nursery stock production, from propagation to sale. Learners should demonstrate comprehensive understanding of scheduling, container and field production methods, environmental control, and plant health management to ensure high-quality stock ready for market. Practical application includes integrating knowledge of plant physiology, pest/disease control, and business logistics to optimize production efficiency.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture +1 more

    12 learning outcomes35 guidance points4 criteria

    Manage Sports Turf Surfaces - Horseracing

    This element focuses on the specialised management of horseracing turf surfaces to meet rigorous Performance Quality Standards (PQS). Learners will explore how to evaluate and implement maintenance programmes that ensure consistent surface performance, safety, and longevity. Practical application includes assessing turf quality, diagnosing issues, and adjusting practices to meet the demands of high-level racing.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    19 learning outcomes43 guidance points5 criteria

    Hedgelaying

    Hedgelaying is a traditional land-based craft that creates dense, living barriers by partially cutting and bending shrub stems in a technique called pleaching. It demands safe handling of specialist hand tools, an understanding of regional styles influenced by local geology, and consistent maintenance to ensure long-term stock-proofing and biodiversity. Learners develop practical skills in laying, securing, and rejuvenating hedgerows, linking theory to authentic workplace practice.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    3 learning outcomes31 guidance points3 criteria

    Construct free standing walls

    This subtopic covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to construct free-standing brick and block walls commonly found in horticultural settings, such as garden walls, retaining walls, and boundary features. It emphasizes safe working practices, minimal environmental impact, and compliance with relevant legislation, ensuring that learners can build durable, level, and aesthetically appropriate structures.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes5 guidance points

    Manage site clearance and preparation for planting

    This subtopic covers the practical management of site clearance and preparation for planting in horticultural settings, focusing on the safe and efficient removal of vegetation, debris, and obstacles, careful soil preparation, resource organisation, equipment maintenance, and rigorous compliance with health and safety legislation and environmental good practice to ensure successful plant establishment.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes27 guidance points3 criteria

    Undertake Tree Surveys and Inspections and Analyse the Data

    This element develops competence in conducting systematic tree surveys and detailed inspections to assess health, structural integrity, and associated risks. Learners will apply industry-standard methodologies to collect, record, and critically analyse data, informing management decisions such as pruning, felling, or conservation. These skills are essential for professional arborists and forestry managers to ensure public safety, legal compliance, and sustainable tree care.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +2 more

    13 learning outcomes42 guidance points5 criteria

    Undertake Tree Felling Operations

    This subtopic covers the essential skills for safely and effectively felling small trees using a chainsaw. It includes routine maintenance to ensure equipment performance and safety, compliance with relevant legislation and industry codes of practice, and the practical application of felling techniques with aids. Learners will develop competence in risk assessment, safe working practices, and operational proficiency required for arboricultural and forestry tasks.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Extended Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture

    13 learning outcomes25 guidance points3 criteria

    Understand the Legislation Relating to Trees in the UK

    This element explores the statutory framework governing tree management and protection in the UK, including key legislation such as the Town and Country Planning Act 1990, the Forestry Act 1967, and the Hedgerows Regulations 1997. Learners will examine how these laws apply to practical arboriculture and forestry operations, ensuring compliance and promoting sustainable management.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +1 more

    9 learning outcomes32 guidance points4 criteria

    Maintain and develop personal performance

    In the context of work-based floristry, this element addresses the necessity for florists to proactively manage their own professional growth. It covers self-appraisal against occupational standards, identification of learning needs, and the implementation of a personal development plan to enhance technical floristry skills, customer interaction, and workplace efficiency. Ultimately, it ensures the florist remains adaptable and competitive in a creative, fast-paced industry.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    2 learning outcomes8 guidance points2 criteria

    Plan, prepare and construct tied floristry designs

    This element equips learners with the skills to plan, prepare, and construct a variety of tied floristry designs, ensuring compliance with legislation and codes of practice. It emphasises the entire workflow—from initial design concept and material selection through assembly, costing, and packaging to final evaluation and maintenance—mirroring real-world industry expectations and client satisfaction.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Floristry +1 more

    4 learning outcomes38 guidance points4 criteria

    Participate in Providing Estate Maintenance

    This element equips learners with the practical skills and knowledge to perform routine estate maintenance tasks, including boundary upkeep, surface and habitat management, and safe tool use. It emphasises compliance with health, safety, and environmental regulations to ensure work is conducted responsibly and sustainably within forestry and arboriculture contexts.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture

    7 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Establish and maintain artificial plant displays

    This element covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to professionally establish, arrange, and maintain artificial plant displays in commercial or domestic settings. Learners will focus on selecting appropriate equipment, positioning plants for aesthetic and functional effect, and applying routine maintenance to uphold display quality. Emphasis is placed on safe working practices, minimising plant damage, and complying with environmental and health and safety legislation.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    7 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Plan, assemble and evaluate diverse funeral designs

    This element focuses on the comprehensive skills required to plan, construct, and critically evaluate a range of funeral floral arrangements, from traditional tributes to contemporary personalized designs. It emphasizes meticulous planning that considers client requirements, seasonal availability of materials, and adherence to industry codes of practice and health and safety legislation. Practical application includes safe tool use, understanding environmental impacts on flower longevity, and delivering designs that meet bereaved families' expectations while maintaining commercial viability.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Plan, prepare and construct wedding designs with floral materials

    This unit covers planning, preparing, and constructing wedding designs with floral materials. Learners must understand legislation, use tools correctly, and maintain designs.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Award in Floristry +1 more

    4 learning outcomes32 guidance points4 criteria

    Manage Sports Turf Surfaces - Rugby Pitches

    This topic covers the management of rugby pitches to meet Performance Quality Standards (PQS). It includes understanding maintenance operations, evaluating their impact on quality, and determining the level of pitch quality.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    20 learning outcomes39 guidance points5 criteria

    Establish and maintain conditions appropriate to the welfare of animals

    This subtopic covers the principles of establishing and maintaining animal welfare standards, including providing appropriate housing, nutrition, and environment; safe handling and inspection techniques; selection, use, and maintenance of equipment; and compliance with health and safety and environmental regulations. Learners must demonstrate practical competence in these areas to ensure livestock well-being and operational efficiency.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    2 learning outcomes15 guidance points2 criteria

    Assist with the transport supplies of physical resources within the work area

    This element focuses on the safe and efficient manual handling and transportation of physical resources such as tools, materials, and supplies across a land-based work environment. Learners will develop practical skills in loading, securing, and unloading items to prevent damage and injury, adhering to health and safety regulations. Mastering these competencies ensures operational readiness and supports wider site productivity in horticulture and land management contexts.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    2 learning outcomes16 guidance points2 criteria

    Design a garden in a historical context

    This element explores the application of garden design principles through the lens of historical eras, enabling learners to research, interpret, and recreate authentic period styles. It develops practical skills in producing detailed designs that reflect the cultural, social, and horticultural contexts of gardens from specific historical periods, preparing learners for work in heritage conservation, restoration, or themed landscape projects.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes21 guidance points3 criteria

    Communicate with the public and others

    This element focuses on developing effective communication strategies for tree care professionals interacting with clients, bystanders, and team members. It covers conveying safety information, discussing arboricultural practices, and managing public concerns while upholding the organisation's values and adhering to health and safety legislation. Learners must demonstrate the ability to adapt communication styles to diverse audiences, ensuring clarity on work plans, environmental impact minimisation, and emergency procedures.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Deal with accidents and emergencies involving children and young people during environmental activities

    This subtopic focuses on equipping learners with the knowledge and skills to effectively manage accidents and emergencies when working with children and young people during environmental activities. It covers proactive planning, immediate response protocols, and post-incident review, ensuring the safety and wellbeing of all participants. Learners will apply national legislation, organisational policies, and first aid procedures in realistic scenarios to build confidence and competence.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    5 learning outcomes12 guidance points2 criteria

    Plan, assemble and evaluate diverse tied floristry designs

    This element focuses on the professional skills required to design, construct and critically evaluate a range of tied floristry pieces, including hand-tied bouquets, posies and sheaves. Learners must integrate design principles, practical techniques, and safe working practices while responding to client briefs. The outcome combines artistic creativity with commercial awareness, ensuring designs are both aesthetically pleasing and technically sound for retail or event settings.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Draw up a two dimensional site survey

    This subtopic equips learners with the fundamental surveying skills required to accurately measure and represent a garden, allotment, or small landscape site in two dimensions. Learners will apply practical techniques including linear measurement, triangulation, and offsetting to gather data and then transfer it to scale drawings using conventional symbols. The resulting survey plan serves as an essential foundation for designing, planning, and executing horticultural projects.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Manage Plant Propagation Activities

    This subtopic focuses on the planning and execution of plant propagation using both vegetative and seed-based methods within commercial horticulture. Learners develop skills to create detailed propagation schedules, manage environmental controls, perform techniques such as cuttings and grafting, and apply appropriate aftercare to ensure high survival rates, essential for sustainable plant production.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    11 learning outcomes42 guidance points5 criteria

    Determine soil pH with colour indicator test kit under supervision

    This subtopic covers the practical skill of determining soil pH using a colour indicator test kit, a fundamental task in horticulture for assessing soil conditions. Accurate pH measurement ensures appropriate plant selection, amendment strategies, and overall soil management, directly impacting plant health and productivity.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes25 guidance points3 criteria

    Maintain and store records within the workplace

    This subtopic focuses on the systematic maintenance and secure storage of workplace records specific to a floristry business. Accurate record-keeping ensures traceability of orders, compliance with data protection regulations, and efficient customer service, covering areas such as stock control, client orders, financial transactions, and health and safety documentation. Mastery of these skills is essential for operational continuity and legal adherence in a professional floristry environment.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Understand the Principles and Identify the Signs of Pests and Diseases of Trees

    This subtopic examines the fundamental principles of tree pathology, focusing on the distinction between biotic and abiotic causal agents and the diagnostic interpretation of signs and symptoms. Learners develop practical skills to identify common pests and diseases, underpinning effective monitoring, prevention, and control strategies vital for tree health management in forestry and arboriculture.

    City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +7 more

    29 learning outcomes80 guidance points10 criteria

    Construct rock gardens

    This subtopic covers the practical skills and theoretical knowledge required to design and build rock gardens, including site assessment, selection and placement of rocks, soil preparation, and planting schemes that mimic natural alpine environments. Learners must demonstrate the ability to safely handle materials, use tools correctly, and adhere to health and safety regulations while minimising environmental impact during construction. Understanding how to integrate rock formations with appropriate drainage and soil composition is essential for creating stable, aesthetically pleasing, and sustainable rock gardens.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Historic Landscapes

    This element introduces learners to the definition and significance of historic landscapes, focusing on how past human activity has shaped the land. It equips learners with practical historical research methods and skills to locate, assess, and manage features of archaeological interest within land-based operations. The emphasis is on applying this knowledge in real work contexts, such as estate maintenance, conservation, or farming, while knowing where to access expert advice and further information.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Monitor and adjust watering systems for crops or plants

    This subtopic focuses on the systematic monitoring and adjustment of irrigation systems to meet the specific water requirements of crops or plants, ensuring optimal growth and yield while conserving water. Learners will integrate knowledge of soil-plant-water relationships, equipment function, and regulatory frameworks to make evidence-based decisions in real-world horticultural settings. Practical application involves using monitoring tools, adjusting timers and emitters, and maintaining records to demonstrate compliance and continuous improvement.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Understand and Carry Out Basic Visual Tree Inspections

    This subtopic covers the foundational principles and practices of conducting basic visual tree inspections to assess health and diagnose common problems. Learners will develop skills to systematically observe, record, and interpret signs and symptoms of biotic and abiotic disorders, enabling informed decision-making for tree care and risk management.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Extended Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture

    9 learning outcomes22 guidance points3 criteria

    Manage Heritage Gardens and Arboreta

    This topic covers the development, data collection, promotion, and management planning of heritage gardens and arboreta. Learners will apply horticultural and conservation principles to manage these historic landscapes.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +3 more

    16 learning outcomes46 guidance points6 criteria

    Monitor landscape maintenance and inspect landscape features and facilities

    This topic covers monitoring landscape maintenance and inspecting features and facilities for safety and condition. It includes record-keeping, health and safety legislation, and environmental good practice.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Understand the Principles of Plant Science

    This element explores the fundamental plant science principles essential for effective forestry and arboricultural practice. It delves into the structure-function relationships of key plant organs and tissues, the physiological processes driving growth and survival, and the developmental patterns that shape tree form and health. Mastery of these concepts underpins informed decision-making in tree selection, propagation, maintenance, and diagnosis of disorders.

    City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +5 more

    22 learning outcomes66 guidance points8 criteria

    Maintain environmental good practice at work

    This subtopic focuses on integrating sustainable practices into daily floristry operations, ensuring learners can minimise environmental impact through correct waste management, resource efficiency, and incident response. It covers practical skills such as segregating green waste, recycling packaging, reducing water and energy use, and following procedures for chemical spills, vital for maintaining compliance and promoting eco-friendly business practices.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Carry out habitat management

    This subtopic equips learners with the practical competence and theoretical understanding to effectively carry out habitat management within land-based operations. It covers the selection, safe use, and maintenance of equipment for vegetation management across various habitat types, while emphasizing compliance with health and safety legislation and environmental best practice. Mastery of this element enables workers to contribute to conservation and land management activities that enhance biodiversity and maintain ecological balance.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    2 learning outcomes17 guidance points2 criteria

    Promote continuous improvement

    This subtopic focuses on embedding a culture of continuous improvement in customer service within a floristry business. Students learn to systematically gather and utilise customer feedback to plan, implement, and review enhancements, ensuring services evolve to meet changing client expectations and drive business success.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Edge and rake golf bunkers

    This subtopic provides the fundamental knowledge and practical skills required to maintain golf bunkers to a high standard. Learners will understand the importance of edging for definition and drainage, and raking for consistent sand texture and player fairness, applying these techniques under supervision to meet course standards.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes19 guidance points3 criteria

    Design and install drainage systems

    This element focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to design and install effective drainage systems in horticultural environments. It covers calculating drainage needs based on soil types, rainfall, and land use, installing subsurface and surface drainage systems, while adhering to health and safety legislation and environmental best practices. Learners must also demonstrate proper equipment use and maintenance to ensure long-term system functionality and sustainability.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes27 guidance points3 criteria

    Understand and Carry Out Silviculture and Habitat Management

    This subtopic explores the principles and practices of silviculture and habitat management within UK forestry. Learners will examine different silvicultural systems such as clearfelling, shelterwood, and continuous cover forestry, understanding their ecological and economic implications. The content also covers the multifaceted objectives of woodland management, including timber production, biodiversity conservation, recreation, and carbon sequestration, and develops practical skills in carrying out woodland management operations.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Extended Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture

    12 learning outcomes21 guidance points3 criteria

    Introduction to Dry Stone Walling

    This subtopic introduces learners to the traditional craft of dry stone walling, covering essential health and safety protocols, tool selection and maintenance, historical context, and the geological influences on wall characteristics. It explores wall composition, fault identification and repair, vegetation management, and the ecological benefits of dry stone walls compared to hedges, fences, and banks, while also addressing appropriate uses of mortar and methods to prevent stonework decay.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    3 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Erect a garden fence

    This subtopic equips learners with the practical skills to plan, prepare, and construct a garden fence to a professional standard. It covers interpreting site instructions, selecting appropriate materials and tools, accurately marking out boundaries, and erecting panels with secure post settings, ensuring durability and compliance with horticultural practice. Mastery includes final site tidy and obtaining client approval, reflecting real-world landscaping employment expectations.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes33 guidance points3 criteria

    Construct a greenwood product to client specification

    This subtopic focuses on the hands-on construction of a product from unseasoned greenwood timber, strictly adhering to a client specification while embedding health and safety and industry good practice throughout. Learners must integrate knowledge of relevant legislation and greenwood principles, from material selection and tool handling to joinery and finishing, ensuring the final product is fit for purpose and demonstrates traditional craftsmanship.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Manage Sports Turf Surfaces - Tennis

    This subtopic addresses the specialised management of tennis court surfaces to meet Performance Quality Standards (PQS), encompassing the planning and execution of maintenance regimes, assessment of playing quality parameters, and the evaluation of how cultural practices influence surface consistency, player safety, and overall court performance. Learners will apply these principles to real-world contexts, ensuring they can deliver high-quality tennis facilities suitable for competitive play.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    13 learning outcomes36 guidance points5 criteria

    Establish and maintain effective working relationships with others

    This element focuses on the interpersonal skills and professional conduct required to build and sustain productive working relationships in horticultural environments. Learners explore the importance of clear communication, teamwork, and respecting workplace diversity, while understanding how good working practices directly impact health, safety, task efficiency, and overall business reputation. Practical application involves collaborating with supervisors, peers, and customers to ensure horticultural operations run smoothly and to industry standards.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    7 learning outcomes16 guidance points2 criteria

    Manage Soil Water

    This subtopic focuses on the principles and practical skills essential for managing soil water in horticultural settings, including the installation and maintenance of irrigation and drainage systems to optimise plant growth and resource use. Learners will explore soil-water relationships, system components, and routine maintenance procedures, while also gaining an understanding of the legal and environmental regulations governing water abstraction, discharge, and use in horticulture. Mastery of these skills ensures sustainable crop production, water conservation, and compliance with sector standards.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture +1 more

    8 learning outcomes34 guidance points4 criteria

    Edge turf with shears

    Learners learn how to edge turf using shears, including knowledge of the technique and practical application. This is a basic horticulture skill.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes21 guidance points3 criteria

    Contribute to the preparation of forest and woodland sites

    This element focuses on the essential skills and knowledge required to prepare forest and woodland sites for planting or management, ensuring safe and efficient use of tools and machinery. Learners must demonstrate their ability to select, maintain, and operate appropriate equipment while carrying out site clearance and cultivation tasks. The topic also covers the identification of tree species and their site requirements, underpinned by a strong awareness of health, safety, environmental, and conservation legislation relevant to land-based operations.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Understand the Principles of Silviculture

    Silviculture is the art and science of controlling the establishment, growth, composition, health, and quality of forests to meet diverse needs and values. This subtopic covers the theoretical and practical principles behind silvicultural systems, forest establishment techniques, protection and improvement strategies, and harvesting operations, underpinning sustainable woodland management and timber production.

    City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +1 more

    8 learning outcomes32 guidance points4 criteria

    Harvest plants

    This element focuses on the complete harvesting process, from assessing crop maturity and quality specifications to the practical techniques of cutting, lifting, or picking, and the post-harvest handling including grading and packing. Learners will develop skills to minimize damage and ensure produce meets market or storage requirements, which is essential for commercial horticulture operations.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Monitor the development of crops or plants

    This element focuses on systematically observing and recording crop growth stages to inform care decisions, while ensuring equipment is properly maintained to support accurate monitoring and safe operations. Learners must integrate knowledge of plant physiology, equipment functionality, and relevant health and safety legislation to implement effective monitoring regimes and promote environmental best practice across horticultural sites.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes25 guidance points3 criteria

    Manage Sports Turf Surfaces - Association Football

    This subtopic focuses on the management of association football pitches to meet Performance Quality Standards (PQS), covering the practical skills and theoretical knowledge required to maintain high-quality playing surfaces. It includes the evaluation of maintenance operations such as mowing, aeration, top dressing, and irrigation, and how these contribute to overall surface quality, safety, and playing performance. Learners will develop the ability to assess pitch quality against PQS criteria, diagnose issues, and implement remedial actions to ensure consistency and compliance with industry standards.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    9 learning outcomes31 guidance points5 criteria

    Design landscape areas and specify materials and components

    This subtopic covers the principles and practices of designing landscape areas, including the preparation of design plans, selection of plants, materials, and installation specifications. Learners will develop the ability to create aesthetically pleasing, functional, and sustainable landscape designs that meet client requirements and site conditions. This unit prepares candidates for professional practice in landscape design and project specification.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Maintain the availability of goods for sale to customers in a retail environment

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills and knowledge a florist needs to manage stock and staff in a retail setting, ensuring fresh flowers, plants, and floral products are attractively displayed, remain available to customers, and retain their quality. It covers organising staff to set up and maintain displays, evaluating the effectiveness of those displays to drive sales, and implementing routines to keep products in optimal condition—critical for minimising waste and maximising customer satisfaction in a competitive retail environment.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    2 learning outcomes17 guidance points2 criteria

    Establish decorative amenity areas

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to prepare ground, select plants, and plant up three distinct decorative amenity areas (e.g., bedding displays, herbaceous borders, and container plantings) in a work-based setting. It emphasises correct equipment usage, adherence to health and safety regulations, and environmentally responsible practices to create visually appealing and sustainable spaces. Learners must demonstrate competence in planning, executing, and evaluating their work to meet industry standards.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Manage Winter and Summer Sports Turf Surfaces

    This topic focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to manage sports turf surfaces for both winter and summer sports, ensuring they meet Performance Quality Standards (PQS). It covers seasonal maintenance operations, evaluation of their impact on turf quality, and the continuous monitoring and adjustment necessary to sustain high performance surfaces for safety and playability.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    14 learning outcomes38 guidance points5 criteria

    Construct, maintain and repair access gates

    This element covers the essential vocational skills for constructing, maintaining, and repairing access gates in forestry and land-based settings. Learners develop competence in selecting appropriate timber and metal materials, using hand and power tools safely, and applying practical joinery techniques. The focus is on producing durable, functional gates that meet site-specific requirements while adhering to health and safety regulations and minimising environmental impact.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes11 guidance points

    Understand the Basic Principles of Plant Science

    This element introduces the fundamental scientific principles underpinning plant life, with direct application to forestry and arboriculture. Learners explore how plant anatomy and physiological processes such as photosynthesis, transpiration, and nutrient uptake determine growth, health, and responses to environmental conditions, informing practical decisions in tree care and woodland management.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture

    6 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Promote, monitor and maintain health, safety and security of the workplace

    This element equips floristry learners to proactively monitor, maintain, and champion health, safety, and security in the workplace, covering hazard identification, risk management, emergency response, and meticulous record-keeping. It translates legislative requirements into practical actions for a floristry environment, fostering a culture where staff and customer wellbeing are paramount.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Principles of crosscutting and stacking forest and woodland produce

    This subtopic covers the essential skills and knowledge for processing felled timber through crosscutting into manageable lengths, and safely stacking the produce to promote seasoning, prevent damage, and facilitate handling. Learners gain competency in manual and powered cutting methods, along with manual stacking techniques, while adhering to relevant health, safety, and environmental regulations. It prepares individuals for entry-level operational roles in forestry, woodlands, and arboriculture.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    3 learning outcomes25 guidance points3 criteria

    Construct, maintain and repair aggregate paths

    This topic covers constructing, maintaining, and repairing aggregate paths, focusing on safe working practices and environmental protection. Learners must know path types, construction methods, equipment use, and relevant health and safety legislation.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Identify damage caused by plant pests

    This subtopic equips learners with the knowledge and practical skills to recognize common plant pests and correctly diagnose the characteristic damage they cause, which is essential for effective pest management in horticultural settings. It covers visual symptoms, pest biology, and the use of diagnostic tools to confirm pest presence, enabling accurate reporting and appropriate treatment decisions.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Manage Sports Turf Surfaces - Bowling Greens

    This subtopic focuses on the specialist turf management practices required to maintain bowling green surfaces at the optimal Performance Quality Standards (PQS) defined by national governing bodies. Learners must integrate knowledge of turfgrass physiology, soil science, and mechanical operations to produce a surface that delivers consistent pace, trueness, and visual appeal, while balancing ecological and sustainability requirements. Applied competence involves planning, executing, and critically evaluating maintenance regimes against measurable PQS criteria, ensuring safe, tournament-ready greens throughout the playing season.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    10 learning outcomes39 guidance points5 criteria

    Encourage and motivate volunteers

    This element focuses on the critical skills needed to engage and retain volunteers within horticultural settings by leveraging the unique ethos of volunteering—such as community building, environmental stewardship, and personal growth—and by implementing meaningful recognition strategies. It requires understanding the intrinsic motivations of volunteers and applying practical methods to validate their contributions, thereby fostering a sustainable and committed volunteer workforce essential for horticultural projects.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    2 learning outcomes16 guidance points2 criteria

    Understand the Principles of Soil Science

    This subtopic equips learners with the skills to systematically investigate and interpret soil physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, enabling informed decisions for tree growth and site management. It covers how attributes like texture, structure, pH, and nutrient status directly determine water availability, root development, and overall plant vigor, thereby guiding appropriate species selection for sustainable forestry and arboriculture projects.

    City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +6 more

    23 learning outcomes71 guidance points9 criteria

    Prepare Landscape and Garden Design Briefs

    This subtopic equips learners with the skills to systematically evaluate a landscape or garden site, identifying constraints, opportunities, and client requirements to inform design briefs. It covers the production of professional fee bids and agreements, ensuring clarity, legal compliance, and commercial viability, which is essential for securing and delivering successful horticultural design projects.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    13 learning outcomes39 guidance points5 criteria

    Establish an even gradient or level between two fixed points

    This element focuses on the fundamental surveying skill of transferring a level or predetermined gradient between two fixed points, essential for creating accurate falls for drainage, laying patios, or setting out foundations in horticultural and landscaping projects. Mastery involves selecting appropriate equipment such as boning rods, line levels, or automatic levels, and applying precise measurement techniques to ensure functional and aesthetically pleasing outcomes in real-world settings.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes21 guidance points3 criteria

    Principles of dealing with animal accommodation

    This subtopic introduces learners to the fundamental principles of maintaining clean and safe animal housing within a land-based setting. It covers practical cleaning techniques, routine maintenance tasks, and essential health and safety procedures to ensure animal welfare and prevent disease transmission. Learners will develop skills applicable to various animal accommodations such as kennels, stables, or hutches.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    8 learning outcomes28 guidance points3 criteria

    Make and receive telephone calls

    This element develops essential telephone communication skills for floristry professionals, ensuring effective customer interaction when taking orders, providing quotes, and managing inquiries. Learners will master the protocols for both outbound and inbound calls, including transferring calls appropriately, to maintain a high standard of service and support business operations within a floral environment.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Understand the Basic Principles of Soil Science

    This subtopic explores the fundamental physical and chemical properties of soils essential for tree growth and woodland management. Learners will investigate soil texture, structure, water retention, pH, nutrient availability, and the role of fertilisers. Practical soil assessment techniques are emphasised to inform sustainable land-use decisions in forestry and arboriculture.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture

    5 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Farm Conservation

    This element introduces the fundamental principles of farm conservation, emphasising the balance between agricultural productivity and environmental stewardship. Learners explore how farming activities affect ecosystems, and gain practical insights into identifying conservation opportunities on working farms, such as habitat preservation and sustainable resource management, to enhance biodiversity and compliance with environmental guidelines.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations

    3 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Plan and collect propagation material

    This element focuses on the strategic planning and practical collection of plant propagation material, ensuring viability for successful cultivation. Learners must apply knowledge of plant identification, propagation methods, and health and safety legislation to select, handle, and store material correctly. Effective equipment maintenance and environmental good practice are integral to minimising waste and maintaining plant health.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes27 guidance points3 criteria

    Resolve customer service problems

    This element focuses on equipping floristry professionals with the skills to identify, address, and learn from customer service issues. It covers proactive problem spotting, selecting appropriate remedies based on policy and best practice, and implementing solutions to maintain high standards and customer loyalty. Practical application includes handling real-life scenarios such as incorrect orders, delivery delays, or unsatisfactory floral arrangements, ensuring that actions enhance the business's reputation and client trust.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes5 guidance points

    Establish interior plant displays

    This element of the Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture focuses on the practical and theoretical competencies needed to establish and maintain attractive and healthy interior plant displays. Learners must demonstrate the ability to safely select, use, and care for equipment, plan and install displays in line with design specifications, and apply current legislation and environmental best practice to minimise workplace risks and ecological impact.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Monitoring and maintaining health and safety

    This element focuses on the practical application of health, safety, and security procedures within a floristry work environment. It covers the correct use and storage of tools, equipment, and materials, adherence to manufacturers' guidance, and the implementation of safe lifting techniques to protect oneself and others. Learners must demonstrate an understanding of workplace systems to monitor and maintain a safe working culture, ensuring compliance with relevant legislation and industry best practice.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Understand the Principles of Tree Felling and Chainsaw Use

    This element focuses on the essential principles and practical competencies required for the safe and effective use of chainsaws in tree felling and subsequent site clearance. Learners develop skills in chainsaw maintenance, directional felling of small trees, cross-cutting techniques, and the operation of stump and brush chippers, ensuring compliance with industry safety standards and manufacturer guidelines.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +2 more

    20 learning outcomes44 guidance points5 criteria

    Establish propagation material

    This element focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to successfully establish propagation material, including seeds, cuttings, and divisions, in a work-based horticulture setting. Learners must demonstrate competence in preparing growing media, selecting appropriate propagation techniques, and maintaining optimal environmental conditions for healthy plant development. Accurate record-keeping and adherence to health, safety, and environmental protocols are integral to professional practice and assessment.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Understand and Carry Out Identification, Planting and Care of Trees

    This element focuses on the accurate identification of a wide range of trees and shrubs, including their botanical and common names, seasonal features, and suitability for different landscapes. Learners must assess site conditions—such as soil type, exposure, and drainage—to select appropriate species and plan effective establishment. Practical planting skills are developed alongside an understanding of immediate and long-term aftercare, including staking, watering, mulching, and formative pruning, to ensure tree health and longevity.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    8 learning outcomes40 guidance points5 criteria

    Undertake Tree Climbing and Pruning Operations

    This element focuses on the practical skills and theoretical knowledge required to climb trees safely and perform pruning operations. It covers tree access methods, cutting techniques, and adherence to legislation, including the Work at Height Regulations and industry best practice. Learners will develop competence in risk assessment, equipment inspection, and post-pruning cleanup.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Extended Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture

    14 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Identify annuals and herbaceous perennials

    This subtopic introduces learners to the recognition and classification of common garden plants based on their lifecycle. Understanding the distinction between annuals, which complete their lifecycle in one year, and herbaceous perennials, which die back in winter and regrow in spring, is fundamental for seasonal garden planning and maintenance. Learners will develop practical identification skills using key visual characteristics, preparing them for hands-on roles in plant care and landscape management.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Identify plant diseases and disorders

    This subtopic equips learners with the essential skills to visually identify common plant diseases and physiological disorders, enabling them to implement timely and effective management strategies. Recognizing issues such as powdery mildew, black spot, and nutrient deficiencies by their common names is fundamental for maintaining plant health in both amenity and production horticulture settings.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes21 guidance points3 criteria

    Principles of Maintaining Grass Surfaces

    This subtopic covers the essential principles required to maintain healthy, aesthetically pleasing, and functional grass surfaces in land-based settings. Learners will understand the significance of regular mowing, irrigation, nutrition, aeration, and pest/disease management to promote robust turf growth. Practical application focuses on routine maintenance schedules, tool selection, and environmental considerations, ensuring grounds are safe and fit for purpose.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    10 learning outcomes28 guidance points3 criteria

    Establish grass swards

    This element focuses on the practical and theoretical aspects of establishing grass swards, covering grass species identification, selection criteria based on intended use and site conditions, methods for soil preparation and seeding/turfing, and post-establishment care. Learners must demonstrate competence in assessing turf health, maintaining relevant equipment, and adhering to health and safety legislation and environmental good practice throughout the process.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes31 guidance points3 criteria

    Plan and construct water features

    This subtopic covers the planning, construction, and maintenance of water features in horticultural settings, including pools, fountains, and streams. It integrates practical skills with health and safety compliance, equipment maintenance, and environmental best practice to ensure functional and sustainable design. Learners will develop the ability to interpret design plans, select appropriate materials, and construct features that meet industry standards.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Manage Sports Turf Surfaces - Cricket

    This subtopic focuses on the application of Performance Quality Standards (PQS) to the management of cricket turf surfaces, ensuring they meet the required playing characteristics for different formats of the game. Learners explore the planning, implementation, and evaluation of maintenance operations such as mowing, rolling, scarification, and aeration to achieve consistent ball bounce, pace, and surface hardness. Practical application involves interpreting soil and turf monitoring data to make informed decisions that sustain surface quality throughout the playing season.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    14 learning outcomes36 guidance points5 criteria

    Source required goods and services in a retail environment

    This element focuses on the essential skills required to source stock and services effectively within a retail floristry context. It covers supplier selection based on quality, price, reliability, and ethical considerations, as well as the procedures for placing orders, monitoring deliveries, and evaluating supplier performance to ensure consistent supply of fresh flowers, plants, and sundries. Mastery of these skills ensures that a retail floristry business can maintain profitability, customer satisfaction, and competitive advantage.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes5 guidance points

    Construct, maintain and repair banks

    This element covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to construct, maintain, and repair earth and stone banks in a work-based trees and timber context. It focuses on selecting appropriate equipment, applying safe working practices, and minimising environmental impact while achieving durable, functional bank structures. Learners will demonstrate competence through hands-on activities and an understanding of relevant legislation and environmental good practice.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Package floral designs and plants

    This unit covers packaging floral designs and plants to given specifications, working safely, and understanding relevant legislation and codes of practice. Learners must demonstrate correct packaging techniques and knowledge of safety and legal requirements.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Understand the Principles of Tree Science

    This subtopic explores the physiological and mechanical principles governing tree health, response to environmental stressors, and structural stability. Learners examine how trees adapt to abiotic and biotic factors, the processes of decay and wound compartmentalization, and the biomechanical assessment of failure risk, forming the scientific foundation for arboricultural practice.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +1 more

    10 learning outcomes32 guidance points4 criteria

    Understand Historical Influences on the Development of Gardens

    This subtopic explores the evolution of garden design from ancient times to the modern era, focusing on British gardens and the introduction of plants to the UK. Learners will analyse how historical contexts, cultural movements, and plant exploration have shaped landscape aesthetics and horticultural practices. The acquired knowledge enables the application of historical insights to contemporary garden planning, ensuring designs are informed, authentic, and responsive to heritage considerations.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    9 learning outcomes37 guidance points5 criteria

    Identify indoor plants

    This subtopic introduces learners to the identification of a range of commonly cultivated indoor plants. Emphasis is placed on recognizing key morphological features such as leaf shape, venation, growth habit, and flower characteristics, and associating them with correct common and botanical names. Accurate identification is essential for effective plant care, pest management, and customer communication in horticultural retail and maintenance roles.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    11 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Construct, maintain and repair bark paths

    This unit focuses on the construction, maintenance, and repair of bark paths in arboricultural and land-based settings. Learners will develop practical skills to select appropriate materials, use hand tools and machinery safely, and apply techniques that minimise environmental impact while ensuring path durability and user safety. Emphasis is placed on adhering to health and safety regulations and sustainable practices.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes4 guidance points

    Establish planted areas

    This unit covers the essential knowledge and practical skills required to successfully establish planted areas, from initial plant selection and health assessment to final planting and aftercare. Learners develop competence in identifying plants, selecting appropriate species for site conditions, and using tools and equipment safely while adhering to health, safety, and environmental regulations. Mastery of these outcomes ensures that planted areas thrive, contribute to landscape quality, and meet industry standards.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes30 guidance points3 criteria

    Identify plants by botanical name

    This element focuses on developing the skill to accurately identify a range of common horticultural plants by their scientific binomial nomenclature. Learners must understand the correct formatting and pronunciation of botanical names, and apply these in practical identification tasks such as labelling, plant selection, and communication with colleagues and clients.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Principles of Maintaining Plants

    This subtopic introduces fundamental horticultural practices for sustaining plant vitality through watering, feeding, and pest management, while addressing the identification and control of common weeds using safe, approved methods. Learners will gain essential skills for safe working habits in real-world settings, ensuring compliance with health and safety regulations.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    7 learning outcomes21 guidance points3 criteria

    Plan and implement seed propagation

    This element focuses on the systematic approach to planning and carrying out seed propagation, from selecting high-quality seeds and determining optimal sowing conditions to monitoring germination and maintaining equipment. Learners must integrate knowledge of environmental factors such as temperature, moisture, light, and substrates with practical skills in sowing techniques, hygiene, and record keeping. Successful implementation ensures consistent, high-quality seedling production for horticultural enterprises while complying with health and safety regulations and promoting environmental sustainability.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes30 guidance points3 criteria

    Establishing crops or plants in growing medium

    This element focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to successfully establish crops or plants in a growing medium. It covers site preparation, planting techniques, post-planting care, equipment selection and maintenance, and adherence to health, safety and environmental regulations. Learners must demonstrate competence in these areas to ensure healthy plant establishment and sustainable horticultural practices.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes11 guidance points

    Manage Sports Turf Surfaces - Golf

    This subtopic focuses on the principles and practices of maintaining high-quality golf surfaces, encompassing turfgrass management, soil science, and the implementation of Performance Quality Standards (PQS). Learners will explore how to evaluate and adjust maintenance operations to meet the specific demands of golf course playing surfaces, ensuring optimal playability, safety, and aesthetic standards.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    16 learning outcomes42 guidance points5 criteria

    Lay out plants for planting

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills required to correctly lay out plants for planting, including understanding the critical importance of spacing to ensure healthy growth and aesthetic appeal. Learners will master preparing planting areas, selecting appropriate plants, and positioning them accurately to meet design specifications and environmental needs.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes15 guidance points3 criteria

    Understanding Principles of Forest Recreation

    This subtopic focuses on the principles and practices of forest recreation, including the range of activities that can be undertaken in forest settings, the planning and development of recreational facilities, and the promotion of these activities to diverse user groups. Learners will explore how to balance recreational use with conservation objectives, ensuring sustainable access and enjoyment of forest resources.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +1 more

    9 learning outcomes38 guidance points4 criteria

    Construct, maintain and repair boardwalks

    This element focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to construct, maintain, and repair boardwalks in forestry and land-based settings. Learners will develop competency in selecting appropriate materials, using hand and power tools, and applying safe working practices to create durable, environmentally sensitive pathways that provide access over sensitive or uneven terrain.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Principles of Planting and Establishing Plants

    This subtopic covers the fundamental principles of correctly planting and establishing plants in various environments, including outdoor and protected settings, to ensure healthy growth and survival. Learners will explore essential techniques such as preparing planting sites, handling plants with care, applying appropriate aftercare, and adhering to health and safety regulations. Mastery of these skills is crucial for success in land-based operations, directly impacting plant health, productivity, and workplace safety.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    8 learning outcomes22 guidance points3 criteria

    Identify trees and shrubs

    This subtopic introduces learners to the fundamental skills needed to recognise and name a selection of common tree and shrub species found in UK horticultural settings. Accurate identification relies on observing key morphological features such as leaf arrangement, bark texture, and bud characteristics, which informs correct planting, maintenance, and use in landscape design. Mastery of this topic underpins safe working practices and effective communication with clients and colleagues.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    7 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Estimate and programme resource requirements

    This element focuses on the systematic estimation of resources—labour, materials, equipment, time—required for horticultural projects, and the logical sequencing and scheduling of tasks to ensure efficient project delivery and compliance with industry standards. Learners must demonstrate the ability to produce accurate resource plans and work programmes that account for variables such as seasonal conditions, site constraints, and health and safety regulations.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes21 guidance points3 criteria

    Establishing plants or seeds in soil

    This element focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to successfully establish plants and seeds in soil, from initial ground preparation and selection of healthy specimens through to post-planting care. It covers essential techniques such as planting depths, spacing, watering, and protection, alongside the safe use and maintenance of tools and equipment. Successful completion ensures learners can work efficiently while adhering to health and safety legislation and minimising environmental impact, which is critical for professional horticultural operations.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes13 guidance points

    Plan, prepare and construct floral arrangements

    This subtopic focuses on the systematic approach to creating floral designs, from initial client consultation and planning, through preparation of materials and tools, to the skilled construction and finishing of balanced, aesthetically pleasing arrangements. Learners develop the practical competencies required for real-world floristry work, ensuring designs meet commercial standards and customer specifications.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Award in Floristry +1 more

    15 learning outcomes33 guidance points4 criteria

    Plan and maintain planted areas

    Planning and maintaining planted areas in horticulture involves systematic site evaluation, plant selection based on environmental factors, and ongoing care tailored to seasonal rhythms. This element emphasises the integration of health and safety protocols and sustainable environmental practices, ensuring both regulatory compliance and the long-term vitality of green spaces.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Undertake Work Related Experience in the Land-based Industries

    This unit enables learners to gain practical, hands-on experience within an environmental or land-based organisation, bridging classroom theory with real-world application. It emphasises understanding the diverse career roles available, from forestry operative to conservation assistant, and developing employability through structured self-reflection and documentation. The work experience serves as a foundation for professional growth, requiring learners to plan learning goals, engage with workplace practices, and critically report on their development.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture

    4 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Understanding Principles of Land-based Machinery

    This topic covers the function of key components, operating principles, routine maintenance, and applications of land-based machines and power units used in forestry and arboriculture.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +1 more

    9 learning outcomes33 guidance points4 criteria

    Evaluate ground and environmental conditions to establish grassed and planted areas

    This subtopic equips learners with the knowledge and practical skills to assess ground and environmental factors such as soil texture, pH, structure, drainage, topography, microclimate, and existing vegetation before establishing turf or planting. Learners will apply this evaluation to select appropriate plant species and establishment methods, while ensuring compliance with relevant health and safety legislation and environmental good practice to protect both the workforce and the wider ecosystem.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Understand the Principles and Practices of Landscape and Garden Design

    This unit equips learners with the theoretical knowledge and practical skills to design functional and aesthetically pleasing landscapes and gardens. It covers the critical analysis of design elements (line, form, texture, colour) and principles (balance, rhythm, unity) and their application from initial concept through to final client presentations. Mastery of these processes ensures designs meet client needs, respond to site constraints, and are communicated effectively through professional-grade plans and visualisations.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    16 learning outcomes45 guidance points5 criteria

    Principles of the care of animals

    This subtopic focuses on the fundamental husbandry practices essential for maintaining the health and well-being of animals under human care, with an emphasis on routine health monitoring and the provision of appropriate nutrition and hydration. Learners will develop the ability to recognise normal and abnormal indicators of animal health, understand the dietary and water requirements for different species, and implement safe, hygienic feeding practices. These skills are directly applicable in a wide range of land-based settings, including animal shelters, kennels, catteries, and farm environments.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    5 learning outcomes22 guidance points3 criteria

    Maintain the safety of self and others in the workplace

    This element covers the essential health and safety knowledge and practices required for working in land-based environments, focusing on legal compliance, risk management, and safe operational procedures. Learners must demonstrate the ability to identify hazards, follow safe working methods, and respond appropriately to emergencies to protect themselves and colleagues. Applied competence ensures that work areas are left secure and potential risks are minimized, aligning with industry standards and statutory requirements.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    2 learning outcomes18 guidance points2 criteria

    Identify weeds

    Identifying weeds is fundamental for effective horticultural management, enabling targeted control to protect cultivated plants from competition for nutrients, water, and light. Learners must recognize common weed species by their physical characteristics and understand how correct identification informs appropriate removal or chemical treatment strategies in real-world settings.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes21 guidance points3 criteria

    Excavate and form foundations for fencing

    This subtopic focuses on the essential groundwork skills required to excavate and pour concrete foundations for fencing installations in horticultural and landscaping settings. It covers safety procedures, tool selection, accurate digging to specified dimensions, formwork erection, concrete mixing and placement, and coping with common on-site problems such as collapsing trenches or underground services. Mastery of these tasks ensures robust, durable fence structures that meet industry standards.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes4 guidance points

    Plan and maintain supplies of physical resources within the work area

    This element focuses on the systematic planning and management of physical resources—such as tools, equipment, materials, and consumables—within a horticultural work area. It integrates health and safety legislation and environmental good practice into everyday resource operations, ensuring efficient, compliant, and sustainable workflows. Learners develop the ability to forecast needs, monitor usage, and implement procedures that minimise risk and environmental impact.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    8 learning outcomes25 guidance points3 criteria

    Construct, maintain and repair flag paths

    This element covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to construct, maintain, and repair flag paths, including setting out, excavation, laying flags on appropriate bedding, jointing, and finishing. Learners will develop competency in selecting and using hand tools and powered equipment safely, while adhering to health and safety legislation and environmental good practice to minimise site disturbance. The skills are essential for landscaping and grounds maintenance roles in the arboriculture and forestry sector.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Laying turf

    This subtopic covers the essential skills for successful turf establishment, including selection, ground preparation, handling, laying techniques, and aftercare. Learners will develop the ability to assess turf health, recognize defects, and apply industry best practices to ensure rapid root establishment and a durable lawn. Mastery of these competencies is critical for landscaping projects aiming for high-quality, long-lasting grass areas.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Plan, prepare and construct funeral designs

    This element covers the essential skills for creating appropriate floral tributes for funerals, including planning shapes and selecting flowers and foliage, preparing materials, constructing various designs such as casket sprays and wreaths, and accurately costing them. It also encompasses knowledge of health and safety, relevant legislation like the Funeral Rule and environmental regulations, proper tool use and maintenance, and correct storage of finished designs to ensure quality and compliance.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Award in Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Floristry +1 more

    17 learning outcomes38 guidance points4 criteria

    Lay paving blocks on sand

    This topic covers knowledge and skills for laying paving blocks on sand, including preparation, laying, and finishing. Learners must understand the process and demonstrate practical ability.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes22 guidance points3 criteria

    Construct, maintain and repair fords

    This subtopic covers the techniques for constructing, maintaining, and repairing fords—shallow river crossings used in forestry and land management. It emphasises safe working practices, minimising environmental damage, selecting and maintaining appropriate equipment, and understanding different access structures. Learners will apply health and safety legislation and environmental good practice to real-world scenarios.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Understanding Woodland Management

    Woodland management involves the sustainable planning and implementation of practices to achieve ecological, economic, and social objectives. This subtopic equips learners with the skills to gather relevant data, assess site characteristics, and formulate comprehensive management plans that balance conservation with productive use. Proficiency in these areas is essential for professional foresters and arboriculturists to ensure long-term woodland health and compliance with legislation.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +2 more

    13 learning outcomes31 guidance points5 criteria

    Maintain a garden pond

    This unit develops practical skills in maintaining garden ponds, covering routine checks and annual deep cleaning to ensure a healthy aquatic ecosystem. Learners will understand the seasonal demands of pond care, including plant management, debris removal, and equipment maintenance, preparing them for employment in landscape gardening or groundskeeping.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes17 guidance points3 criteria

    Principles of basic preparation and operation of a tractor

    This subtopic provides foundational knowledge for safely preparing and operating a tractor, including pre-use checks, starting procedures, and basic controls. Learners will understand how to correctly fit attachments such as trailers, mowers, or cultivators using the three-point linkage or drawbar, and operate the tractor with these implements in a work-based environment. These skills are essential for efficient and safe land-based tasks, minimising downtime and preventing accidents.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    2 learning outcomes16 guidance points2 criteria

    Plan and manage the collection of orders

    This subtopic covers the systematic planning and practical management of gathering and preparing plant or product orders in a horticultural setting. It encompasses resource coordination, equipment readiness, and compliance with health and safety and environmental standards to ensure efficient and safe order fulfilment. Learners develop skills to schedule tasks, maintain tools, and apply legislation to real-world collection operations.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    8 learning outcomes25 guidance points3 criteria

    Exhume coffins and remains

    This subtopic covers the specialised skill of exhuming coffins and human remains in accordance with legal, health, and environmental requirements. Learners develop competence in selecting and operating equipment, implementing safe working practices, and minimising environmental impact during exhumations. It is essential for cemetery operatives and horticultural grounds maintenance staff involved in grave relocation or archaeological investigations.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Understand the Principles of Organic Crop Production

    This element explores the foundational principles of organic crop production, focusing on the integration of ecological processes, soil health, and biodiversity to manage pests, diseases, and weeds without synthetic inputs. Learners will evaluate the importance of closed-loop systems, crop rotation, and composting in maintaining long-term soil fertility and examine how organic growing methods align with market demands and certification standards. Practical application is emphasised through the assessment of organic management strategies in real-world horticultural scenarios.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    16 learning outcomes46 guidance points5 criteria

    Principles of the movement of animals

    This element covers the fundamental principles of safely and effectively moving animals, including understanding animal behavior, using appropriate handling techniques, and following welfare regulations during loading and unloading for transport. It applies to routine farm or land-based operations where stock movement is required.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    3 learning outcomes20 guidance points3 criteria

    Maintain and Understand Equipment Used for Timber Conversion and Utilisation

    This unit covers understanding and maintaining equipment used for timber conversion and processing, including saws, planers, and kilns. Learners will also understand timber utilisation and preservation processes.

    City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +1 more

    13 learning outcomes29 guidance points4 criteria

    Assess soil texture and condition

    This subtopic equips learners with practical skills to evaluate soil texture and overall condition, fundamental for successful horticultural management. It covers field methods such as the feel test for texture classification, visual assessment of structure, and basic diagnostics for drainage, compaction, and organic matter content, enabling informed decisions on cultivation, planting, and soil improvement.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills +2 more

    9 learning outcomes42 guidance points5 criteria

    Assist with crosscutting and stacking forest and woodland produce _CU67_

    This unit provides learners with the foundational skills to assist in the conversion of felled trees into manageable produce through crosscutting using hand or powered saws, and the subsequent manual stacking of the cut timber. It covers essential safety practices, correct tool handling techniques, and effective teamwork under supervision. Upon completion, learners will be able to contribute safely and efficiently to forestry and woodland management tasks, preparing them for entry-level roles in the land-based sector.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Lead a team to improve customer service

    This subtopic focuses on the practical leadership skills required to elevate customer service in a professional floristry environment. It involves strategically planning daily tasks, delegating responsibilities, and organising workflow to meet customer expectations while maintaining high aesthetic and quality standards. Learners will explore how to provide constructive support, conduct performance reviews, and implement continuous improvement to enhance the overall customer experience and drive business success.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Identify and maintain the condition of plants and planted designs

    This element focuses on the critical ability to accurately identify a wide range of floristry plants using both botanical and common names, diagnose common pests and diseases, and implement effective maintenance procedures for plants and planted designs. It integrates essential knowledge of plant functions, safe handling of poisonous species, stock rotation principles, and adherence to legislation and codes of practice to ensure professional and safe floristry operations.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Award in Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Floristry +1 more

    9 learning outcomes31 guidance points4 criteria

    Operating Mounted or Trailed Wick Type Applicators

    This subtopic covers the safe and effective operation of mounted or trailed wick type applicators for precise pesticide application. It focuses on legislative compliance, environmental risk assessment, product label interpretation, equipment calibration, and post-operation procedures, ensuring minimal drift and targeted weed control.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Safe Application of Pesticides Using Self Propelled, Mounted or Trailed Horizontal Boom Sprayers

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Build garden walls and pillars

    This subtopic focuses on the practical techniques for constructing basic garden brick walls and pillars, including site preparation, accurate setting out using profile boards, and proper bricklaying methods. Learners will apply health and safety protocols, interpret simple plans, and use appropriate tools and materials to build durable, level, and aesthetically acceptable structures. Mastery of these skills is essential for routine landscaping and garden maintenance roles, ensuring functional and visually pleasing boundaries and features.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Disposal of Wood Arisings and Residues from Work on Trees

    This subtopic covers the safe and efficient disposal of wood arisings and residues generated from tree work, including branches, logs, stumps, and chippings. Learners must understand legal requirements, environmental considerations, and operational methods such as chipping, burning, or removal from site. Practical competence involves selecting appropriate disposal techniques to minimize ecological impact and comply with site-specific regulations.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Extended Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture

    12 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Apply fertiliser by hand to bare ground

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skill of manually applying fertiliser to bare ground prior to planting. Learners will understand the importance of even distribution to promote healthy plant growth and prevent nutrient wastage. The skill is essential for preparing garden beds, agricultural fields, and landscape sites for sowing or planting.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Construct and Establish Sports and Amenity Turf Areas

    This element covers the full lifecycle of sports and amenity turf construction, from initial site investigation and surveying to final sward establishment. Learners will apply principles of grading, drainage, and rootzone amendment to create durable playing surfaces, and must demonstrate competence in both seed and turf establishment methods, ensuring compliance with industry standards for sports turf performance and safety.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture +1 more

    20 learning outcomes34 guidance points4 criteria

    Carry out harvesting operations by mechanical means

    This element covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to carry out mechanical harvesting operations safely and efficiently. Learners must demonstrate competence in preparing, using, and maintaining specialist equipment such as combine harvesters, forage harvesters, or mechanical lifters, while adhering to relevant health and safety legislation and minimising environmental impact through correct procedures.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Principles of using Rodenticides for Vertebrate Pest Control, Rats and Mice

    This element covers the foundational principles for the safe and responsible use of rodenticides when controlling rats and mice. It integrates legislative compliance, product label interpretation, risk minimization for human and environmental health, safe storage and transport, waste management, and accurate record-keeping. Mastery of these principles ensures pest controllers can operate legally, ethically, and effectively in both urban and rural settings.

    City & Guilds NPTC Level 2 Award In the Safe Use of Pesticides for Vertebrate Pest Control for Rats and Mice

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Co-ordinate and oversee habitat management work

    This subtopic focuses on the practical and managerial skills required to coordinate and oversee habitat management work, ensuring that operations align with ecological goals and comply with health, safety, and environmental legislation. Learners develop the ability to plan, supervise, and review habitat interventions while promoting sustainable practices and maintaining legal compliance.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    6 learning outcomes11 guidance points2 criteria

    Operating Hand Held Pesticide Injection Equipment

    This element covers the safe and effective operation of pedestrian handheld pesticide injection equipment, focusing on compliance with legislation, environmental assessment, product interpretation, equipment setup, application, and post-operation procedures. Learners develop practical skills to apply pesticides accurately while minimising risks to human health and the environment, preparing them for real-world tasks in horticulture and land management.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Award In The Safe Application of Pesticides Using Pedestrian Hand Held Equipment

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Build and maintain tools and devices to process coppice and greenwood products

    This element covers the hands-on skills required to construct and care for the specialist tools used in coppicing and greenwood crafts, such as froes, drawknives, shaving horses, and pole lathes. Learners will apply safe working practices and relevant health and safety legislation while building, sharpening, and adjusting these devices to ensure efficient and sustainable processing of coppiced timber products.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Establish and Manage Interior Plant Displays

    This subtopic covers the principles and practical skills needed to establish and maintain both permanent and temporary interior plant displays, including plant selection, installation, and ongoing care within controlled indoor environments such as offices, retail spaces, and event venues. Learners will develop expertise in matching plants to interior light, humidity, and temperature conditions, while also addressing client requirements, design aesthetics, and health and safety regulations. Mastery of these skills is essential for professional interior landscapers and facilities horticulturists.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    19 learning outcomes48 guidance points5 criteria

    Customer Care in ICT

    This element focuses on applying customer care principles through Information and Communication Technology (ICT) within a floristry business context. Learners will develop skills to establish and nurture professional customer relationships using digital tools such as email, social media, and point-of-sale systems, ensuring a seamless and personalised service that enhances customer satisfaction and loyalty.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Understand and Carry Out Forest and Woodland Skills

    This subtopic covers essential practical forestry operations including vegetation control, drainage maintenance, fencing, and tree planting. Learners will develop the skills to manage forest and woodland environments effectively, ensuring ecological balance and sustainable land use. Mastery of these foundational techniques is critical for careers in forestry and arboriculture, supporting timber production, habitat conservation, and landscape management.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +2 more

    14 learning outcomes45 guidance points5 criteria

    Identify and collect plants for dispatch

    This element focuses on the skills and knowledge required to correctly identify ornamental and production plants according to customer orders or specifications, ensuring they are collected and prepared for dispatch with minimal damage. It integrates plant identification skills with safe handling techniques and the selection, use, and maintenance of appropriate tools and equipment, underpinned by current health and safety and environmental legislation. Practical application is essential in nurseries, garden centers, and landscaping supply chains, where accurate plant selection and careful handling directly affect customer satisfaction and business reputation.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Lay paving slabs

    This subtopic covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to lay paving slabs correctly in a horticultural context, such as for paths, patios, or hard landscaping. Learners must understand the importance of site preparation, base compaction, mortar mixing, and accurate levelling to ensure a durable and aesthetically pleasing installation.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes21 guidance points3 criteria

    Laying hard surfaces for external landscaping

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to lay hard surfaces such as paving, slabs, block paving, and gravel in external landscaping settings. Learners must demonstrate correct preparation, laying techniques, finishing, and compliance with health and safety standards to produce durable, level, and aesthetically pleasing surfaces.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills +2 more

    9 learning outcomes43 guidance points5 criteria

    Undertake Advanced Arboricultural Practices

    This subtopic focuses on the advanced practical skills required for professional arborists, including conducting thorough aerial inspections to assess tree health and structure, executing precise pruning operations within tree canopies, and safely dismantling trees in various environments. Mastery of these techniques ensures tree longevity, public safety, and compliance with industry standards and legal requirements.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +6 more

    24 learning outcomes75 guidance points9 criteria

    Plan and manage the control of pests, diseases and disorders

    This element focuses on the systematic planning, implementation, and management of control strategies for horticultural pests, diseases, and disorders. Learners will develop skills in integrated pest management (IPM), monitoring techniques, and the selection of appropriate cultural, biological, and chemical controls while ensuring compliance with health and safety regulations and environmental good practice.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    9 learning outcomes33 guidance points3 criteria

    Identify the need for, and plan, habitat management work

    This subtopic focuses on the ecological and practical skills needed to assess habitats and determine appropriate management interventions. Learners learn to survey site conditions, evaluate biodiversity value, and develop work plans that align with conservation priorities, legal requirements, and land-use objectives. Effective habitat management ensures the long-term sustainability of natural and semi-natural environments within horticultural and land-based settings.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    2 learning outcomes14 guidance points2 criteria

    Construct, maintain and repair post and rail boundaries

    This subtopic covers the practical skills and knowledge required to construct, maintain, and repair post and rail boundaries commonly used in arboricultural and land-based settings. Learners will develop competence in selecting appropriate materials and tools, setting out and erecting fences to line and level, and ensuring long-term durability through correct installation and ongoing maintenance. Emphasis is placed on safe working practices, environmental protection, and adherence to relevant legislation and industry standards.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Maintain a rock garden

    This subtopic covers the essential skills for sustaining a rock garden's aesthetic and health, including seasonal maintenance tasks such as weeding, pruning, and replenishing gravel, as well as correct planting techniques for alpine and crevice plants to ensure they thrive in a well-drained, rocky environment. Learners will also develop the ability to tidy the site and handle green waste responsibly, reflecting industry standards for presentation and environmental care.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes27 guidance points3 criteria

    Construct, maintain and repair post and wire fence boundaries

    This element covers the hands-on skills and knowledge required to construct, maintain, and repair post and wire fence boundaries, essential for land management and livestock control. Learners will develop proficiency in selecting appropriate materials, using tools and equipment safely, and understanding relevant health and safety legislation and environmental best practices. The practical application includes accurate measurement, post setting, wire tensioning, and routine maintenance to ensure durable and effective boundaries.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes14 guidance points

    Identify and report the presence of pests, diseases and disorders

    This subtopic equips learners with the skills to observe, recognise, and accurately report symptoms of pests, diseases, and physiological disorders in plants, drawing on knowledge of common horticultural problems. Practical application involves systematic inspection, correct use of identification resources, and detailed record-keeping to enable effective management decisions, while strictly adhering to health, safety, and environmental legislation to prevent harm and minimise ecological impact.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    2 learning outcomes15 guidance points2 criteria

    Improve the customer relationship

    This element focuses on developing effective customer relationship skills within a horticultural business context, emphasising clear communication, negotiation between client desires and organisational policies, and strategies to exceed expectations. Learners explore practical methods to enhance client satisfaction through active listening, tailored horticultural advice, and professional service delivery, fostering long-term business relationships and repeat custom.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    2 learning outcomes13 guidance points2 criteria

    Preparing and transporting plants and resources

    This subtopic covers the essential skills and knowledge required for safely and efficiently preparing and transporting plants and floral resources in floristry operations. Learners will select appropriate equipment, prepare plants to prevent damage, load and secure items, and transport them while adhering to health and safety legislation. The process ensures plants arrive in optimal condition, supporting customer satisfaction and business reputation.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Undertake an Investigative Project in the Land-based Sector

    This unit requires learners to design, execute, and report on an investigative project relevant to the land-based sector, with a focus on forestry or arboriculture. It develops practical research skills including topic selection, literature review, data collection, analysis, and presentation, preparing learners for evidence-based decision-making in professional practice.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +4 more

    11 learning outcomes64 guidance points7 criteria

    Lay turf by hand

    This subtopic covers the practical skill of laying turf by hand, a fundamental horticultural technique used to establish a lawn quickly. Learners will understand the sequential process from ground preparation to aftercare, ensuring the turf knits successfully. Mastery of this skill is essential for roles in landscape construction, grounds maintenance, and domestic gardening.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes27 guidance points3 criteria

    Maintain artificial sports surfaces

    This subtopic covers the essential knowledge and practical skills required to maintain artificial sports surfaces to a safe, playable, and durable standard. Learners will understand surface types (sand-filled, sand-dressed, water-based, and 3G), inspection requirements, cleaning methods, grooming, infill management, and minor repair techniques. Correct maintenance ensures longevity, player safety, and compliance with industry standards such as those from the Sports and Play Construction Association (SAPCA) and governing bodies of sport.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Undertake Horticultural Production Techniques - Outdoors

    This element focuses on the complete cycle of outdoor horticultural crop production, from initial site planning and preparation through to harvesting and grading. Learners must demonstrate an integrated understanding of soil management, crop establishment, ongoing husbandry, and post-harvest handling, ensuring crops meet market or contractual specifications. Practical competence is assessed through real or simulated outdoor production activities aligned with industry best practice.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    5 learning outcomes47 guidance points5 criteria

    Plan and monitor harvesting operations

    This element covers the systematic planning and monitoring of harvesting operations for commercial horticultural crops. Learners will develop the skills to assess crop readiness, allocate resources, schedule harvests, and supervise post-harvest handling while ensuring compliance with health and safety legislation and environmental good practice. Effective planning and monitoring are critical to achieving optimal yield, quality, and profitability while minimizing waste and environmental impact.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    8 learning outcomes16 guidance points2 criteria

    Undertake Tree and Shrub Pruning and Maintenance

    This subtopic develops the practical skills and theoretical understanding required to undertake pruning operations on trees and shrubs for maintenance, health, structural integrity, and aesthetic purposes. It encompasses the ability to assess trees and shrubs for potential failure, recognizing defects and hazards to implement appropriate management interventions, thereby ensuring safety and longevity of the plantings in accordance with industry best practice.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +7 more

    19 learning outcomes76 guidance points10 criteria

    Identify the health and maintain the condition of general amenity turf

    This subtopic equips learners with the practical skills and underpinning knowledge to assess and maintain general amenity turf health. It covers equipment selection, safe operation, and maintenance, alongside diagnosing turf disorders and implementing appropriate remedial actions. The focus is on sustainable practices that meet industry standards while minimising environmental impact and complying with relevant health and safety legislation.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes5 guidance points

    Undertake and Review Work Related Experience in the Land-based Industries

    This subtopic guides learners through identifying career pathways in forestry and arboriculture, preparing for a work placement with appropriate planning and safety, executing tasks under supervision, and critically evaluating their experience to inform future professional development. It integrates theoretical knowledge with practical skills essential for industry employability.

    City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +3 more

    11 learning outcomes50 guidance points6 criteria

    Construct, maintain and repair reinforced paths

    This element covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to construct, maintain, and repair reinforced paths within arboricultural and woodland environments. It emphasises safe working practices, environmental protection, and the correct selection and maintenance of tools and materials, ensuring paths are durable and fit for purpose while minimising ecological impact.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Plan and prepare growing media

    This subtopic equips learners with the practical skills and theoretical knowledge to plan, prepare, and manage growing media for horticultural crop production. It covers the selection and blending of organic and inorganic components, sterilization methods, nutrient amendments, and the safe operation of mixing equipment. Emphasis is placed on understanding how media properties influence plant growth and on applying health, safety, and environmental good practice throughout the process.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    7 learning outcomes14 guidance points2 criteria

    Undertake Horticultural Production Techniques - Protected

    This element focuses on the practical and theoretical skills required for planning and executing crop production within controlled environments such as glasshouses and polytunnels. Learners must demonstrate competence in establishing crops both in containers and in the ground, while understanding the ongoing maintenance, harvesting, and grading processes essential for commercial protected horticulture. Mastery of these techniques ensures efficient resource use, optimal crop quality, and compliance with industry standards.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    5 learning outcomes38 guidance points5 criteria

    Maintain indoor crops

    This subtopic covers the essential maintenance practices for indoor crops, including environmental control, irrigation, nutrition, and pest management. Learners develop the practical skills to sustain healthy plant growth in controlled environments, preparing them for roles in commercial horticulture or interior landscaping.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes25 guidance points3 criteria

    Maintain and develop decorative horticultural features

    This unit focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to maintain and enhance decorative horticultural displays, including seasonal bedding, borders, and planted containers. Learners must demonstrate competence in plant care, equipment maintenance, and adherence to health and safety and environmental best practices to ensure high-quality, sustainable displays.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Undertake Arboricultural Skills

    This subtopic covers the practical arboricultural skills required for aerial tree work using chainsaws, including branch removal, pruning, and dismantling of small to medium trees. It encompasses legal and safety obligations under regulations such as PUWER and LOLER, as well as supporting ground operations during climbing activities. Proficiency is demonstrated through safe equipment use, accurate risk assessment, and effective teamwork.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture

    7 learning outcomes18 guidance points2 criteria

    Participate in Business Planning and Improvement in the Land-based Sector

    This element focuses on equipping learners with the skills to critically evaluate and enhance business performance within the horticulture and wider land-based sector. It covers practical methods for identifying improvement opportunities, generating viable business concepts, and structuring a formal business plan that addresses market demand, operational logistics, financial viability, and sustainability. Mastery of these skills is essential for aspiring entrepreneurs or intrapreneurs aiming to drive innovation and efficiency in commercial horticulture, landscaping, or agricultural enterprises.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Plan and renovate planted areas

    This unit focuses on the systematic planning and execution of renovation projects for planted areas, including assessing site conditions, selecting appropriate plants, and implementing sustainable practices. Learners will develop skills in project management, equipment maintenance, and compliance with health, safety, and environmental regulations to ensure successful and safe renovation of gardens, parks, or landscapes.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    7 learning outcomes19 guidance points2 criteria

    Install hard standing sub-layers

    This subtopic covers the essential techniques for constructing hard standing areas such as patios, paths, and driveways, focusing on the installation of sub-layers including sub-base, laying course, and bedding. Learners gain practical skills in selecting and using appropriate equipment, compacting aggregates, and ensuring a stable foundation that meets industry standards, while adhering to health, safety, and environmental regulations.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Lift, divide and plant herbaceous perennials

    This subtopic covers the essential practical skills of lifting, dividing, and planting herbaceous perennials, which are vital for maintaining healthy, vigorous borders and propagating plants at low cost. Learners will develop the ability to select appropriate tools, handle plants with care to minimize stress, and apply correct aftercare to ensure successful establishment, demonstrating competence suitable for entry-level horticultural employment.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    8 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Implement a marketing plan

    This element focuses on the practical application of marketing principles within a horticultural business, covering the preparation, execution, and understanding of marketing plans. Learners will develop the skills to analyse market opportunities, set objectives, and coordinate promotional activities for products and services such as plants, landscaping, and garden maintenance. Successful implementation ensures alignment with business goals and meets customer needs in a competitive green industry.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Maintain Irrigation Systems

    This element focuses on the comprehensive maintenance of irrigation systems within horticultural environments, encompassing design principles to ensure efficient water delivery, systematic inspection and repair routines, responsible waste disposal to protect the environment, and strict adherence to health and safety legislation. Learners apply these competencies in real work-based contexts to optimise plant health and resource use.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    3 learning outcomes22 guidance points3 criteria

    Maintain indoor plants

    This subtopic equips learners with the competencies to sustain the vitality and visual appeal of indoor plants, crucial for interior landscaping and domestic settings. It encompasses understanding plant physiological needs, executing appropriate watering, feeding, and grooming techniques, and identifying and rectifying common health issues. The practical skills are directly transferable to roles in garden centres, horticultural therapy, and professional plant maintenance services.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes22 guidance points3 criteria

    Undertaking Land-based Machinery Operations

    This element focuses on the safe and efficient operation of land-based machinery essential for forestry and arboriculture tasks. Candidates must demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of machine functions, pre-start checks, operational techniques, and routine maintenance to ensure workplace safety and machine longevity. Practical competence in these areas is critical for effective land management and compliance with industry regulations.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +4 more

    10 learning outcomes50 guidance points7 criteria

    Undertake Identification, Selection and Use of Ornamental Plants

    This element focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to identify a wide range of ornamental plants, select appropriate species for specific sites and design briefs, prepare planting plans, and carry out expert planting and aftercare of trees and shrubs. It integrates botanical nomenclature, plant habit, seasonal interest, and establishment techniques to ensure horticultural professionals can create and maintain visually appealing, sustainable landscapes.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    5 learning outcomes34 guidance points5 criteria

    Construct, maintain and repair signs/way markers

    This element covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge for constructing, maintaining, and repairing signs and waymarkers in woodland and outdoor settings. Learners must demonstrate the ability to select appropriate materials and tools, work to specifications while minimising environmental impact, and apply relevant health and safety legislation. Effective signage is critical for public access management, safety, and navigation, requiring durable installations that withstand weather and wear.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Installation of edge restraints

    This subtopic covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to select appropriate materials and equipment, prepare the ground, and install kerbs, channels, and edgings to a professional standard in horticultural settings. Learners will develop competence in setting out, bedding, aligning, and finishing edge restraints to defined specifications while adhering to health and safety legislation and environmental good practice. Mastery of these techniques ensures durable, aesthetically pleasing landscape features that prevent substrate migration and define boundaries between different areas such as lawns, paths, and planting beds.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Plan and set out sports areas

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to accurately plan and mark out sports areas such as football pitches, tennis courts, and cricket squares, ensuring they meet governing body specifications. It covers site assessment, dimensioning, equipment use, and the integration of health, safety, and environmental best practices to deliver safe, high-quality, and sustainable playing surfaces.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    2 learning outcomes19 guidance points2 criteria

    Construct, maintain and repair simple bridges

    This element focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge necessary for constructing, maintaining, and repairing simple bridges within a trees and timber work-based context. Learners are expected to apply safe working practices, minimise environmental impact, select and maintain appropriate equipment, and differentiate between various access structures, all while adhering to relevant health and safety legislation and environmental good practice.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Maintain and protect metal surfaces

    This subtopic introduces learners to the fundamental principles and practical techniques for maintaining and protecting metal surfaces commonly found in horticultural settings, such as hand tools, machinery, and structural components. It covers inspection, cleaning, rust removal, and application of protective coatings to prolong equipment life and ensure safe, efficient use.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    7 learning outcomes27 guidance points3 criteria

    Principles of maintaining structures and surfaces

    This subtopic introduces the fundamental principles behind maintaining various structures and surfaces common in land-based settings, such as fences, gates, paths, patios, and walls. Learners explore routine inspection, cleaning, repair techniques, and the appropriate selection of materials and tools to ensure longevity and safety. Understanding these principles is essential for maintaining the functionality and aesthetic appeal of outdoor spaces in horticultural and land management contexts.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    6 learning outcomes14 guidance points2 criteria

    Manage information for action

    This subtopic equips learners with the skills to systematically gather, interpret, and disseminate operational information in horticultural enterprises. It emphasises effective communication methods, meeting protocols, and advisory techniques to support evidence-based decision-making and continuous improvement in land-based industries.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    2 learning outcomes12 guidance points2 criteria

    Improve customer service

    This subtopic addresses the vital skill of enhancing customer service within the horticulture sector. Learners develop the ability to communicate clearly, balance client demands with organisational constraints, exceed expectations through proactive service delivery, and foster improved customer relationships. Practical application includes managing landscaping projects, garden maintenance contracts, and retail plant sales, where exceptional service directly impacts client retention and business reputation.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Undertake Estate Skills

    This subtopic covers the practical skills required for maintaining and improving estate infrastructure, including boundaries, structures, surfaces, and habitats. Learners must demonstrate competence in constructing, repairing, and maintaining fences, gates, walls, buildings, paths, and other estate features, as well as carrying out habitat management tasks such as coppicing, hedge laying, and pond management. The focus is on applying safe working practices, selecting appropriate materials and tools, and ensuring work meets industry standards and environmental considerations.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    12 learning outcomes41 guidance points5 criteria

    Maintain turf

    This unit covers the essential skills for maintaining healthy, attractive turf in horticultural settings. Learners will understand why regular maintenance is crucial for turf vigour and appearance, and they will develop the practical ability to prepare and safely operate pedestrian-controlled machinery, such as mowers and scarifiers, to achieve a high-quality finish.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes22 guidance points3 criteria

    Undertake Site Surveying, Levelling and Setting Out

    This element covers the practical skills and theoretical knowledge required to measure site dimensions, determine levels using survey equipment, and present data accurately. Learners will apply these competencies to set out from plans on the ground, creating shapes and levels essential for horticultural and landscape construction projects.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    5 learning outcomes44 guidance points5 criteria

    Plan the maintenance, repair and renovation of sports turf areas

    This subtopic equips learners with the skills to systematically plan and oversee the maintenance, repair, and renovation of sports turf areas, ensuring high performance and safety standards. It covers the identification of factors that influence turf health, the selection and use of appropriate equipment, and the application of health, safety, and environmental legislation. Practical outcomes include creating comprehensive maintenance schedules, diagnosing issues, and implementing cost-effective and sustainable solutions.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    7 learning outcomes22 guidance points2 criteria

    Mow turf using a pedestrian-controlled mower

    This subtopic equips learners with the practical skills and underpinning knowledge to mow turf effectively using a pedestrian-controlled mower. It covers pre-operational checks, safe operation, and post-use maintenance, ensuring learners can produce a professional finish while adhering to health and safety regulations. The ability to adjust cutting heights and mowing patterns according to turf conditions is a key competency for horticultural roles.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Understand the Principles and Carry Out the Practice of Wildlife Population Surveys, Ecology and Conservation

    This subtopic provides a comprehensive introduction to the ecological principles underpinning wildlife conservation, focusing on how global ecosystem changes influence biodiversity. Learners will explore national and international conservation frameworks, such as the UK’s Biodiversity Action Plan and international treaties, and apply these to habitat management. Through practical fieldwork, students will develop skills in surveying wildlife populations and assessing habitat quality, directly linking theory to real-world conservation practice.

    City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture

    9 learning outcomes29 guidance points3 criteria

    Maintain hand tools

    This subtopic covers the essential knowledge and practical skills required to maintain common horticultural hand tools such as spades, forks, secateurs, and hoes. Learners will understand the importance of regular maintenance to ensure tool longevity, efficiency, and user safety, and will apply techniques like cleaning, sharpening, oiling, and proper storage. Mastery of these skills supports sustainable horticultural practice and reduces operational costs.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Installing block surfaces

    This element covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to install block paving for hard landscape features such as paths, patios, and driveways. Learners must demonstrate competence in setting out, sub-base preparation, screeding, laying patterns, cutting, compaction, and jointing, while adhering to health and safety legislation and minimising environmental impact through dust control, waste management, and protection of surrounding soft landscaping.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Construct, maintain and repair steps

    This element covers the practical skills and knowledge required to construct, maintain, and repair steps in a work-based trees and timber environment. Learners must understand different access structures, select appropriate materials, and apply health, safety, and environmental good practice throughout the process. The focus is on creating durable, safe, and environmentally sensitive access solutions in outdoor settings such as woodlands, parks, or estates.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Prepare and Establish Propagation Material

    This topic covers the essential techniques for preparing and establishing propagation material in horticulture, including seed preparation, cutting selection, and division. Learners will develop practical skills to manage the growing environment, ensure successful plant establishment, and apply weaning processes to acclimatize plants. Emphasis is placed on the safe selection, use, and maintenance of propagation equipment and adherence to health, safety, and environmental regulations.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    6 learning outcomes17 guidance points2 criteria

    Installing drainage systems

    This element covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to install effective land drainage systems in horticultural settings. Learners will understand how to select appropriate equipment, lay pipes with correct gradients, and ensure systems function efficiently while adhering to health and safety regulations and environmental best practices. Mastery ensures waterlogged soils are managed, improving plant health and site usability.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    2 learning outcomes12 guidance points2 criteria

    Understand the Principles of Advanced Horticultural Science

    This subtopic explores the advanced scientific principles underpinning horticultural practices, focusing on plant reproductive physiology, growth regulation through hormonal and environmental cues, genetic improvement via breeding, adaptive responses to abiotic and biotic stresses, and the critical role of soil properties in plant health. Learners will integrate theoretical knowledge with practical applications to diagnose plant performance issues, optimize cultivation techniques, and manage landscapes sustainably. Mastery of these concepts is essential for making informed decisions in professional horticulture and land management.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture +1 more

    9 learning outcomes40 guidance points4 criteria

    Construct, maintain and repair stiles

    This subtopic covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to construct, maintain, and repair stiles used in countryside access, ensuring safe public passage while respecting land management needs. Learners will develop competence in selecting appropriate materials and tools, interpreting specifications, and applying sound construction techniques, with a strong emphasis on current health and safety legislation and environmental good practice. The application is vital for roles in forestry, estate maintenance, and conservation, where durable and compliant stiles facilitate responsible public access.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Plant a container for seasonal display

    This element develops practical skills for creating seasonal container displays, a core task in horticultural maintenance and landscaping. Learners gain knowledge of container types, growing media, plant selection for seasonality and impact, and correct planting techniques. Competence ensures displays are aesthetically pleasing, healthy, and suitable for the intended location, meeting industry standards for ornamental horticulture.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Manage the work of volunteers

    Managing volunteers in horticulture involves coordinating unpaid workers to achieve land management goals, such as planting, maintenance, or conservation projects. It requires careful planning of tasks and resources to match volunteer abilities with project needs, while ensuring safety, environmental compliance, and motivation through effective leadership and feedback. Accurate records of volunteer hours, activities, and outcomes are essential for reporting, funding, and continuous improvement.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    2 learning outcomes17 guidance points2 criteria

    Maintain paved areas

    Maintaining paved areas in horticulture involves routine tasks such as sweeping, washing, weed removal, moss control, and minor repairs to ensure safety, functionality, and aesthetic appeal. This subtopic covers the selection and safe use of appropriate tools and materials, including brushes, scrapers, pressure washers, and weed killers, to manage hard surfaces like paths, patios, and driveways. Practical application focuses on identifying common surface problems and executing maintenance plans that prevent long-term damage while adhering to health and safety regulations.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes25 guidance points3 criteria

    Install hard landscape features and structures

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills and knowledge required to install hard landscape features such as patios, walls, fences, and pergolas, in accordance with design specifications and industry standards. Learners develop competency in setting out, groundwork, and using construction materials safely, while embedding health and safety and environmental good practice throughout the installation process to ensure durable, aesthetically pleasing, and compliant outcomes.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Understand and Manage Landscape Restoration

    This subtopic explores the methods and principles of researching, conserving, and managing historic landscapes for restoration. Learners develop competencies in site surveying, archival research, heritage legislation, and project planning to reinstate or repair culturally significant gardens and landforms. The practical application integrates ecological science with historical fidelity, equipping professionals for roles in heritage horticulture, landscape contracting, and conservation management.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Principles of the Maintenance of Equipment

    This subtopic covers the fundamental principles of maintaining land-based equipment, focusing on safe preparation, execution of routine maintenance tasks, and adherence to health and safety protocols. It is essential for ensuring operational efficiency, minimising downtime, and preventing accidents in horticultural and agricultural settings.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    2 learning outcomes19 guidance points2 criteria

    Maintain wooden structures with water-based preservative

    This subtopic covers the essential skills and knowledge required to preserve and extend the lifespan of wooden structures commonly found in horticultural settings, such as fences, raised beds, and pergolas. Learners will understand the properties and safe application of water-based preservatives, focusing on environmental considerations and best practice techniques. The ability to assess timber condition, select appropriate preservatives, and apply them correctly is vital for sustainable land management and cost-effective maintenance.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes29 guidance points3 criteria

    Prepare and maintain equipment and machines

    This element focuses on the critical skills required to prepare, maintain, and repair horticultural equipment and machinery safely and effectively. Learners must demonstrate competence in routine servicing, fault diagnosis, and corrective actions, while strictly adhering to health and safety legislation and safe handling of hazardous substances common in land-based industries.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    7 learning outcomes20 guidance points2 criteria

    Plant a tree

    This subtopic develops essential practical competencies in tree planting, from initial site assessment and plant preparation through to correct planting techniques and immediate aftercare. Learners will master proper handling of both bare-root and container-grown trees, understanding how to minimise transplant shock and ensure successful establishment. The skills are directly applicable in landscaping, arboriculture, and general horticultural maintenance, forming a foundation for sustainable green space management.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Construct, maintain and repair stone pitched paths

    This element covers the practical skills and knowledge required to construct, maintain, and repair stone pitched paths in a work-based trees and timber context. Learners will develop competency in setting out, preparing foundations, selecting and placing stone pitching materials, and carrying out routine maintenance and remedial work. Emphasis is placed on working safely, minimising environmental impact, and selecting and maintaining appropriate hand tools and equipment.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes11 guidance points

    Installing flagstone surfaces

    This element covers the essential skills and knowledge for installing flagstone surfaces in horticultural and landscaping contexts. Learners will develop the ability to prepare sites, lay flagstones accurately to levels and falls, and finish joints effectively, while adhering to health and safety legislation and environmental good practice.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Undertaking Woodland Habitat Management

    This unit covers the historical development of woodlands, surveying structures and features, understanding management, and practical habitat management techniques.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture

    6 learning outcomes14 guidance points2 criteria

    Construct, maintain and repair stone wall boundaries

    This subtopic covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to construct, maintain, and repair dry stone wall boundaries, which are integral to rural land management and conservation. Learners will focus on selecting and safely using appropriate tools and equipment, interpreting site conditions, and applying traditional techniques to ensure structural integrity while complying with health and safety legislation and environmental good practice.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Plant out container-grown plants

    This subtopic covers the essential techniques for successfully establishing container-grown plants in a landscape or garden setting. Learners will gain practical skills in assessing plant needs, preparing plants and planting sites, executing correct planting procedures, and providing immediate aftercare to ensure plant survival and vigor. Mastery of these skills is fundamental for horticultural professionals involved in planting design, maintenance, and landscaping projects.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes21 guidance points3 criteria

    Understand the Principles of Plant Health and Protection

    This subtopic equips learners with the knowledge to accurately identify common plant pests, diseases, physiological disorders, and weeds, and to understand their impact on plant health and productivity. It covers integrated approaches to plant protection, emphasizing cultural, biological, and chemical control methods within legal and environmental frameworks. Practical application involves diagnosing plant problems in real-world horticultural settings and formulating effective, sustainable management strategies.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture +1 more

    9 learning outcomes33 guidance points4 criteria

    Mix mortar or concrete

    This subtopic covers the essential practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to correctly mix mortar or concrete for horticultural construction tasks such as laying paths, building walls, or setting posts. Learners must understand material ratios, safe handling, and the mixing process to ensure a consistent, workable mix that meets the required strength and durability for typical landscaping projects.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes20 guidance points3 criteria

    Monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of habitat management work

    This element focuses on the systematic process of assessing habitat management interventions to ensure they meet ecological objectives. Learners will develop skills to collect and analyse data, compare outcomes against baseline conditions, and adapt management plans accordingly. It is essential for maintaining biodiversity and demonstrating the value of conservation efforts in professional horticulture.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    2 learning outcomes12 guidance points2 criteria

    Laying hard surfaces for external landscaping

    This subtopic covers the practical skills and theoretical knowledge required to lay hard surfaces such as paving, block paving, slabs, and gravel for external landscaping projects. It involves interpreting design plans, preparing sub-bases, setting levels, cutting and laying materials, and ensuring compliance with health and safety regulations and environmental good practice. Learners will apply these skills in real work-based scenarios to create durable, aesthetically pleasing, and functional hard landscapes.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Installing sett/cobble surfaces

    This element covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to install sett or cobble paving surfaces in horticultural and landscape settings. Learners will develop competence in selecting appropriate materials and equipment, preparing the sub-base, laying and jointing setts or cobbles to correct levels and patterns, and applying safe working practices. The content integrates health and safety legislation, environmental considerations, and equipment maintenance to ensure durable, aesthetically pleasing installations that meet industry standards.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Prepare and store harvested crops

    This element focuses on the practical competencies required for post-harvest handling, including cleaning, grading, packaging, and storing crops to maintain quality and reduce waste. It also covers the essential maintenance of tools and machinery used in harvesting and preparation, alongside strict adherence to health and safety regulations and environmental stewardship practices. Learners will integrate these skills in a real work-based context, ensuring produce meets market standards while safeguarding personal and environmental well-being.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    8 learning outcomes18 guidance points2 criteria

    Over-mark sports lines

    Over-marking sports lines involves refreshing faded lines on grass or artificial surfaces using appropriate tools and paint. Learners must know correct techniques and safety procedures to ensure clear, straight lines.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes25 guidance points3 criteria

    Levelling and preparing sites for landscaping

    This subtopic equips learners with the practical skills and underpinning knowledge to level and prepare sites for landscaping, ensuring ground is reinstated to specified levels and falls. It covers the selection, safe use, and maintenance of essential equipment such as laser levels, plate compactors, and hand tools, while embedding current health and safety legislation and environmental good practice. Mastery of these competencies is vital for creating stable, well-drained, and long-lasting landscapes.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Principles of transporting supplies of physical resources within the work area

    This element covers the fundamental principles of safely handling and moving physical resources (e.g., tools, materials, produce) within a land-based work environment. Learners develop the necessary skills to select appropriate manual handling techniques and equipment, assess risks, and follow operational procedures to prevent injury, damage, and inefficiency. Mastery of these principles is essential for maintaining a safe and productive workspace in horticulture, agriculture, and related settings.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    2 learning outcomes16 guidance points2 criteria

    Lead the work of teams and individuals to achieve their objectives

    This element equips learners with the skills to effectively lead horticultural teams, ensuring tasks such as planting, pruning, and grounds maintenance are planned, monitored, and reviewed to meet project goals. It emphasises practical leadership techniques tailored to the dynamic outdoor environment, including resource allocation, quality control, and performance feedback. Mastery of these principles ensures operational efficiency and workforce development within horticultural enterprises.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Control pollution incidents

    This subtopic covers the essential knowledge and practical skills required to prevent and manage pollution incidents during trees and timber operations. Learners will understand relevant environmental legislation, identify potential pollution hazards, and implement effective control measures to minimise environmental damage. Mastery ensures compliance with site regulations and protects watercourses, land, and ecosystems from contaminants such as fuels, oils, and waste materials.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Plant out plants in rows by hand

    This subtopic develops practical competence in planting out plants in linear rows by hand, a fundamental skill used in commercial horticulture, market gardening, and landscape maintenance to maximise space, facilitate crop management, and ensure even growth. Learners will understand the agronomic rationale behind row planting, prepare planting sites effectively, execute planting to industry standards, and provide essential aftercare to promote successful establishment.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Monitor and solve customer service problems

    This element focuses on the systematic approach to handling customer service issues within a horticulture business. Learners must demonstrate the ability to resolve immediate problems, identify recurring issues, evaluate and implement long-term solutions, and establish monitoring processes to prevent recurrence. Practical application includes logging complaints, analysing trends, liaising with suppliers or teams, and refining service protocols to enhance client satisfaction and operational efficiency.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    2 learning outcomes15 guidance points2 criteria

    Prepare collected orders for dispatch

    This element focuses on the practical and procedural aspects of preparing horticultural orders for dispatch, ensuring that plants, products, and materials are ready for delivery to customers or retail outlets. It covers the entire process from order verification, picking accuracy, packaging for transit, to final quality checks, while embedding health, safety, and environmental good practice throughout.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    6 learning outcomes14 guidance points2 criteria

    Assist with Maintaining Plants

    This topic covers assisting with maintaining plant health, controlling unwanted plants, and working safely in land-based operations. It is for Level 1 learners in work-based land-based operations.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    3 learning outcomes20 guidance points3 criteria

    Environmental and Land-based Business

    This subtopic provides foundational knowledge of environmental and land-based industries, focusing on forestry and arboriculture. Learners will examine the structure, legislation, and business operations essential for sustainable land management, alongside developing practical administrative skills vital for entry-level roles.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture

    4 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Identify, check and monitor the quality of incoming cut materials

    This element focuses on the rigorous inspection and conditioning of fresh cut flowers and foliage upon arrival, ensuring only premium-quality materials enter the floristry workflow. Learners develop the ability to identify species, assess stem health, turgidity, and freedom from pests or diseases, then apply appropriate conditioning techniques to maximize vase life and commercial value. Mastery underpins waste reduction, customer satisfaction, and adherence to health and safety and environmental legislation.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Award in Floristry +1 more

    4 learning outcomes38 guidance points4 criteria

    Operating Other Hand Held Applicators Requiring Minimal Calibration

    This element focuses on the safe and effective operation of hand-held pesticide applicators that require minimal calibration, such as spot sprayers or granule spreaders. Learners must integrate knowledge of legislation, product labels, and site assessment to prepare, use, and shut down equipment correctly, ensuring personal and environmental safety. Practical competence involves precise calibration where applicable, accurate application, and meticulous post-operation procedures to maintain equipment and comply with regulations.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Award In The Safe Application of Pesticides Using Pedestrian Hand Held Equipment

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Care for a planted area

    This element focuses on the essential knowledge and skills for maintaining planted areas to ensure plant health, aesthetic appeal, and ecological balance. Learners will explore the effects of both good and poor maintenance practices on plant growth and site function, and will develop the ability to assess and carry out appropriate care tasks such as weeding, pruning, mulching, and watering.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Operating Mounted, Trailed and Self Propelled Downward Air Assisted Horizontal Boom Sprayers

    This element covers the practical operation of mounted, trailed, and self-propelled downward air assisted horizontal boom sprayers for pesticide application. Learners develop competency in managing air assistance and boom height to achieve uniform coverage while minimising spray drift, ensuring compliance with environmental protection and health and safety legislation. The skills gained are essential for efficient, responsible use of these sprayers in agricultural and horticultural settings.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Safe Application of Pesticides Using Self Propelled, Mounted or Trailed Horizontal Boom Sprayers

    1 learning outcomes5 guidance points

    Establish Trees and Shrubs

    This subtopic covers the practical skills and knowledge required to successfully establish trees and shrubs in various settings. Learners will prepare planting sites, understand species-specific requirements, and correctly plant stock to ensure healthy establishment and growth. Mastery of these techniques is essential for arboriculture and forestry roles, promoting sustainable landscape management.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Extended Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture

    13 learning outcomes30 guidance points3 criteria

    Construct and Maintain Timber Landscape Features

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills and theoretical knowledge required to design, construct, and preserve timber landscape features such as fencing, decking, pergolas, and raised beds. Learners will explore timber selection, construction techniques, and ongoing maintenance to ensure structural longevity, safety, and aesthetic quality in professional horticultural settings. Emphasis is placed on sustainable practices and compliance with health and safety standards.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture +1 more

    18 learning outcomes32 guidance points4 criteria

    Clearing horticultural and landscaping sites

    This subtopic covers the practical skills and knowledge required to clear horticultural and landscaping sites safely and efficiently, including the removal of vegetation, debris, and obstacles while minimising environmental impact. Learners must demonstrate competence in selecting, using, and maintaining appropriate hand tools, power tools, and machinery, and apply current health and safety legislation such as COSHH and PUWER. Effective site clearance also involves waste segregation, protection of retained features, and rehabilitative measures to prevent soil erosion and pollution.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Maintain Turf in Parks and Gardens

    This unit focuses on the practical skills and theoretical knowledge required to manage and maintain both fine and coarse turf in park and garden settings. Learners will explore factors such as soil, climate, wear, and use that affect turf health, and will develop the ability to carry out routine maintenance, repair damaged areas, and plan annual programmes to sustain high-quality swards. The unit also introduces alternative low-maintenance approaches including wildflower meadows, equipping learners with a comprehensive understanding of sustainable turf management.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture +2 more

    24 learning outcomes46 guidance points5 criteria

    Construct and Maintain Decorative Landscape Features

    This subtopic covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to construct and maintain decorative hard and soft landscape features, including rock and alpine gardens, ponds and water features, and climbing or wall plants. Learners will develop the ability to select appropriate materials, follow construction techniques, and implement ongoing maintenance regimes that ensure these features remain visually appealing and ecologically balanced within a landscape setting.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture

    12 learning outcomes25 guidance points3 criteria

    Carry out aerial pruning of a tree

    This element focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to safely and effectively perform aerial pruning operations using rope and harness or mobile elevated work platforms, in line with current industry best practice. Learners will develop competence in tree access, work positioning, branch removal techniques, and final pruning cuts to promote tree health and structural integrity, while adhering to relevant health and safety legislation.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Display stock to promote sales to customers in a retail environment

    This element focuses on the practical and theoretical aspects of creating effective retail displays to promote floristry stock and drive sales. Learners will explore how to prepare display areas by selecting appropriate materials, setting up visually appealing arrangements, and labeling products correctly to inform and attract customers. The skills developed are essential for maximizing product visibility, maintaining freshness, and ensuring a positive shopping experience in a competitive retail environment.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    6 learning outcomes12 guidance points

    Understand and Carry Out Identification, Planting and Establishment of Trees and Shrubs for Forestry and Arboriculture

    This subtopic equips learners with the skills to accurately identify a range of tree and shrub species relevant to forestry and arboriculture, and to understand their specific site and establishment requirements. It covers practical planting techniques, soil and environmental considerations, and the critical factors that ensure successful long-term growth and survival in both woodland and amenity contexts.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +2 more

    15 learning outcomes41 guidance points5 criteria

    Place sports equipment

    This subtopic covers the correct procedures for selecting, transporting, and positioning sports equipment within a horticultural or grounds maintenance context, ensuring safety, functionality, and compliance with relevant standards. Learners will develop practical competence in handling items such as goalposts, nets, and court markings, while considering turf preservation and site layout.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes21 guidance points3 criteria

    Prepare for and maintain the planting of crops or plants

    This element focuses on the essential groundwork and ongoing care required for successful planting of crops or plants. Learners explore the critical pre-planting activities such as soil assessment, site preparation, and resource planning, alongside the maintenance practices that ensure plant health and productivity. The element integrates health and safety legislation and environmental stewardship, reinforcing the importance of sustainable practices in professional horticulture.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    2 learning outcomes17 guidance points2 criteria

    Prepare ground or area for planting

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills and knowledge needed to prepare ground for planting, covering site assessment, soil cultivation, and amendment. Learners must demonstrate understanding of ideal planting conditions including drainage, pH, fertility, and aspect, and apply this to real-world scenarios. The application of these skills ensures successful plant establishment and is fundamental to horticultural practice.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes19 guidance points3 criteria

    Control pests, diseases and disorders

    This element covers the identification and management of harmful organisms and physiological disorders affecting trees and timber. Learners are expected to apply integrated control measures, blending cultural, biological, and chemical methods while prioritising environmental protection and compliance with health and safety regulations. Practical competence includes selecting, calibrating, maintaining, and safely operating equipment such as sprayers, injectors, and pruning tools.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    7 learning outcomes16 guidance points2 criteria

    Load and unload physical resources within the work area

    This subtopic focuses on the safe, efficient, and environmentally responsible handling of physical resources such as plants, tools, and materials within a horticultural work area. Learners develop practical skills in selecting and using equipment like trolleys, wheelbarrows, and lifting aids, while adhering to health and safety legislation and minimising environmental impact through correct waste management and pollution prevention.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Plant container grown plants

    This subtopic covers the essential horticultural skill of planting container-grown plants correctly. Learners will understand the principles behind site selection, soil preparation, and aftercare to ensure successful establishment. Practical application includes handling plants safely, checking root health, and using appropriate tools, which are fundamental skills for entry-level employment in gardening and landscaping.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes25 guidance points3 criteria

    Produce a basic garden design

    This element covers the fundamental principles of basic garden design, bridging client requirements with practical site analysis. Learners develop the ability to translate a brief into a scaled plan that considers function, aesthetics, plant selection, and sustainability, forming a core competency for entry-level horticulture roles.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes22 guidance points3 criteria

    Control unwanted vegetation

    This element covers the principles and practices of controlling unwanted vegetation in arboricultural and land-based settings. Learners will explore identification of target species, selection and safe application of appropriate control methods (including chemical, manual, and biological), and compliance with relevant health and safety legislation and industry codes. The practical application involves carrying out vegetation control operations using safe working practices, ensuring minimal environmental impact while meeting client and site requirements.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Prepare sites for landscape works

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to prepare sites for landscape works, including forming accurate ground profiles and using equipment safely. Learners will develop competencies in interpreting plans, setting out levels, and shaping landforms to meet design specifications, while adhering to health and safety legislation and environmental best practices. Mastering these techniques is essential for creating functional and aesthetically pleasing landscapes in a professional horticultural context.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Maintain drainage systems

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills and knowledge required to effectively inspect, diagnose, and maintain drainage systems within horticultural and land-based environments. Learners must demonstrate the ability to identify defects, perform routine and reactive maintenance, and select appropriate methods to ensure optimal water flow while adhering to health and safety regulations and environmental protection measures. The application of this knowledge is critical for preventing waterlogging, erosion, and pollution, thereby sustaining plant health and soil structure.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    2 learning outcomes17 guidance points2 criteria

    Plant flower bulbs for naturalisation or bedding

    This subtopic covers the hands-on skills required to plant flower bulbs effectively, whether for creating naturalised drifts in lawns and woodland edges or for colourful seasonal bedding displays in borders and pots. Learners must understand the importance of correct planting depth, spacing, orientation, and post-planting care to ensure successful growth and floral impact.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes21 guidance points3 criteria

    Produce a planting plan

    This subtopic covers the essential principles of planting design, such as plant selection informed by site conditions, aesthetic considerations, and functional requirements. Learners develop the practical ability to translate these principles into a scaled, annotated plan for a specific garden section, demonstrating an understanding of plant spacing, seasonal interest, and maintenance needs.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes20 guidance points3 criteria

    Control vertebrate pest populations using chemical means

    This subtopic focuses on the application of chemical agents such as rodenticides to manage vertebrate pests in arboricultural and woodland environments. It addresses the integration of safe working practices, environmental protection, and legal compliance when deploying chemical controls. Candidates learn to assess pest activity, select appropriate methods, and maintain accurate records in line with industry and regulatory standards.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Maintain and renovate artificial sports surfaces

    This element covers the essential skills and knowledge to effectively maintain and renovate artificial sports surfaces, extending their lifespan and ensuring safe, high-quality playing conditions. Learners will understand how to select, use, and maintain specialist equipment while adhering to health and safety legislation and minimizing environmental impact, applying best practices for surface care.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes5 guidance points

    Organise the delivery of reliable customer service

    Organising reliable customer service in horticulture involves planning and coordinating service delivery to meet client expectations consistently. This includes developing service standards, scheduling tasks effectively, and using recording systems to track and improve service quality. Practical application ensures customer satisfaction and business reputation in contexts such as landscaping, grounds maintenance, and plant care.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    3 learning outcomes18 guidance points3 criteria

    Prepare sites for soft landscape establishment

    This subtopic focuses on the essential practical and theoretical knowledge required to prepare sites for soft landscaping, including soil assessment, ground clearing, cultivation, and amendment applications. Learners must apply safe working practices, select and maintain equipment appropriately, and consider environmental impact, reflecting real-world industry standards for landscape construction.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes5 guidance points

    Understand the Principles of Sustainable Management of Turf

    This topic explores sustainable turf management principles, including analysing and evaluating turf management information and developing strategies that balance surface quality with environmental sustainability. Learners will understand how to maintain turf in an ecologically responsible manner.

    City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture

    8 learning outcomes20 guidance points3 criteria

    Pot up rooted cuttings, large seedlings or plugs by hand

    This element covers the essential skill of transplanting young plants with established root systems into individual containers. It involves selecting appropriate pots and growing media, handling plants to minimize root disturbance, and ensuring correct planting depth and firmness. Proficiency in this task is fundamental for nursery production, plant sales, and successful establishment in gardens, requiring attention to hygiene and aftercare.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes25 guidance points3 criteria

    Control vertebrate pests and predators by shooting

    This element covers the practical and legal aspects of controlling vertebrate pests and predators using firearms in a forestry or arboricultural context. Learners must demonstrate competence in identifying pest species, assessing damage, selecting appropriate shooting methods, and ensuring safe and legal operation. The focus is on integrating pest control into land management while minimizing environmental impact and maintaining compliance with UK firearms legislation.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Undertake Computer Aided Design in Horticulture, Treework and Blacksmithing

    This subtopic develops proficiency in producing and modifying two-dimensional drawings using Computer Aided Design software, tailored to land-based industries. Learners apply CAD techniques to create accurate site plans, tree surveys, and technical designs for horticulture, treework, and blacksmithing, enhancing precision and efficiency in professional documentation.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture +1 more

    4 learning outcomes27 guidance points4 criteria

    Prepare, monitor and adjust environmental conditions for protected crops or plants

    This subtopic equips learners with the skills to optimise protected growing environments, such as glasshouses and polytunnels, for maximum crop yield and quality. It covers the scientific principles behind manipulating temperature, humidity, light levels, and air circulation, alongside the practical use of automated and manual systems. Mastery ensures crops are grown uniformly and sustainably, meeting commercial production targets.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Manage budgets

    Effective budget management in horticulture ensures financial control over projects such as landscaping, grounds maintenance, or nursery production. It involves setting realistic cost limits, tracking expenditure against projected income, and making adjustments to achieve financial objectives while maintaining quality standards. This subtopic equips learners to plan, monitor, and report on budgets, integrating financial accountability with horticultural operational demands.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Propagate by budding

    Propagating by budding involves joining a single bud from a desired cultivar (scion) onto a compatible rootstock to create a genetically identical plant. This technique is widely used in commercial horticulture for producing uniform fruit trees, ornamental roses, and other woody plants, allowing efficient use of scion material and strong rootstock advantages. Mastering budding requires precision in cutting, timing during active growth, and proper aftercare to ensure successful union.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes20 guidance points3 criteria

    Control vertebrate pests and predators using traps

    This element equips learners with the practical skills and underpinning knowledge to effectively and humanely control vertebrate pests and predators using traps, a critical competency in arboriculture and woodland management. It integrates ecological understanding to assess control necessity, safe and lawful trap deployment, and meticulous record-keeping to comply with legislation and industry standards. Mastery ensures the protection of trees, timber, and biodiversity while upholding animal welfare and environmental responsibility.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Propagate by grafting

    This unit develops practical competence in plant propagation through grafting, a key horticultural technique used to join rootstock and scion for improved vigour, disease resistance, or fruit quality. Learners must understand the biological principles of cambial union and apply correct procedures to prepare rootstocks and scion material, perform a selected graft (e.g., whip-and-tongue, side-veneer), and provide aftercare to ensure successful union and plant establishment.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Prepare and plant a container for display

    This practical element focuses on the foundational skills required to select, prepare, and plant a decorative container suitable for display. Learners must demonstrate an understanding of plant requirements, appropriate growing media, and the aesthetic principles of container design. Success is evidenced through a healthy, visually appealing planted container that meets the given brief.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills

    8 learning outcomes28 guidance points3 criteria

    Undertake Contract Management in the Land-based Industries

    This element covers the essential principles of contract management within horticulture and land-based sectors, including compliance with UK planning and legislative regulations as well as European law. Learners will develop the skills to create robust contracts, define project specifications, and accurately estimate and cost projects, ensuring professional practice in commercial and public sector settings.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture +1 more

    4 learning outcomes33 guidance points4 criteria

    Promote and monitor the growth of crops or plants

    This unit focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge needed to effectively promote and monitor the growth of crops or plants in a work-based horticultural setting. Learners must demonstrate the ability to select and use appropriate cultivation techniques, maintain essential equipment, and adhere to health, safety, and environmental legislation. Mastery ensures crops or plants reach optimal yield and quality while minimizing risks and environmental impact.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Maintain equipment and machines

    This element focuses on the systematic maintenance of horticultural equipment and machinery to ensure operational efficiency and safety. Learners develop practical skills in preparing, checking, and maintaining a range of tools and machines, while adhering to health and safety regulations and minimising environmental harm. The knowledge gained supports safe working practices, extends equipment lifespan, and reduces costly breakdowns in professional horticultural settings.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Prepare and plant a hanging basket

    This subtopic focuses on the essential practical skills required to prepare and plant a hanging basket for seasonal display, a common task in amenity and domestic horticulture. Learners must demonstrate competence in selecting appropriate materials, preparing the basket with lining, filling with suitable growing medium, and arranging plants for balanced visual impact, while ensuring plant health through correct watering and aftercare.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Propagate plants by leaf cuttings

    This element develops the hands-on skill of vegetative propagation using leaf cuttings, a cost-effective method to clone desirable plants whilst maintaining genetic uniformity. It covers both leaf lamina and petiole cutting types, emphasising correct preparation, environmental control, and immediate aftercare to ensure high success rates in nursery or garden settings.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Create an open drainage system

    This element covers the principles and practical methods for constructing open drainage systems such as ditches, swales, or french drains to manage surface water in tree and timber environments. Learners develop skills in site assessment, setting out, excavation, and maintenance, ensuring compliance with health, safety, and environmental legislation. Practical application focuses on preventing waterlogging in plantations, nurseries, and forest roads, thereby promoting tree health and operational efficiency.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Provide nutrients to plants or crops

    This element covers the theoretical knowledge and practical competence required to effectively provide nutrients to plants or crops. Learners must understand factors influencing nutrient requirements, application methods, symptom identification of deficiencies/toxicities, equipment maintenance, and relevant health and safety and environmental legislation. The demonstration of practical skills includes calibrating and using nutrient application equipment, recording data, and promoting safe and sustainable practices.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Maintain moisture levels for crops or plants

    This subtopic covers the critical skills required to effectively manage soil and growing medium moisture to ensure optimal plant health and productivity. Learners will gain hands-on competence in selecting appropriate irrigation equipment, monitoring moisture levels, and applying water efficiently while adhering to health and safety regulations and environmental best practices. The focus is on practical, work-based application, enabling learners to maintain crops in real horticultural settings.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Understand the Principles of Sustainable Development

    This unit explores the integration of economic, social, and environmental pillars in sustainable horticultural practices, emphasizing resource efficiency, ecosystem services, and the role of horticulture in mitigating climate change. Students will analyze real-world case studies to apply these principles in land management contexts, ensuring they can balance productivity with long-term ecological health and community well-being.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Prepare ground for sowing or planting under supervision

    This subtopic covers the fundamental horticultural skill of preparing soil for sowing seeds or planting. Learners will gain practical understanding of cultivating ground to an appropriate tilth, incorporating organic matter, and creating suitable conditions for plant establishment. Under supervision, they apply these techniques to real or simulated plots, developing safe working habits and an appreciation for soil management in professional contexts.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes20 guidance points3 criteria

    Maintain the appearance of decorative amenity areas

    This element focuses on the practical skills and knowledge required to maintain the aesthetic appeal of decorative amenity areas such as formal gardens, public parks, and floral displays. Learners must demonstrate proficiency in selecting, safely operating, and maintaining a range of horticultural equipment, while effectively identifying and managing weeds, pests, and diseases in an environmentally responsible manner. Mastery of these competencies ensures that horticultural sites remain visually appealing, safe, and sustainable, meeting both client expectations and legislative requirements.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Repair and restore walls

    This element covers the practical skills and theoretical knowledge required to repair and restore traditional and contemporary walls within horticultural and land management settings. It includes structural assessment, selecting appropriate materials and techniques to match original construction, and ensuring the longevity and safety of the wall. Learners must also integrate health, safety, and environmental best practices to protect both the workforce and the surrounding ecosystem.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Propagate plants by stem cuttings

    This element covers the vegetative propagation of plants using stem cuttings, a key horticultural technique for producing genetically identical plants efficiently. Learners will explore the biological principles behind cutting success, including hormonal regulation and wound response, as well as the practical selection, preparation, and aftercare required for softwood, semi-ripe, and hardwood cuttings. Mastery of these methods enables reliable multiplication of desirable stock for commercial and garden settings, ensuring consistency and quick crop establishment.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes31 guidance points3 criteria

    Cross-cut timber using a chainsaw

    This element focuses on the safe and competent cross-cutting of timber using a chainsaw, a fundamental skill in arboriculture and forestry. Learners will develop practical techniques to sever felled timber precisely and efficiently while adhering to stringent health and safety protocols, including legislation such as PUWER and industry good practice. Mastery ensures workplace readiness, minimises risk of kickback and manual handling injuries, and optimises timber recovery.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Maintain the condition of sports turf surfaces

    Maintaining sports turf surfaces requires selecting and using equipment, performing maintenance tasks, and working safely while minimising environmental damage. Knowledge of grass growth and surface conditions is essential.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Manage Your Own Resources

    This element focuses on the learner's ability to effectively plan, allocate, and monitor personal resources—such as time, equipment, materials, and budget—within a horticultural business context. It requires demonstrating proactive behaviours and applying a blend of general workplace knowledge with sector-specific and contextual insights to optimise productivity and meet organisational objectives. Successful resource management directly underpins operational efficiency and sustainability in horticulture.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    2 learning outcomes15 guidance points2 criteria

    Propagate plants indoors from seed

    Indoor seed propagation is a fundamental horticultural skill that enables controlled germination and early plant development, independent of outdoor conditions. Learners will master preparing appropriate containers and growing media, sowing seeds at correct depths and spacings, and performing essential aftercare such as watering, labelling, and environmental monitoring. This competency underpins successful plant production across commercial nurseries, garden centres, and domestic settings, ensuring healthy, uniform seedlings ready for transplanting.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Prepare soil and apply organic mulch

    This subtopic introduces learners to the essential horticultural practices of soil preparation and organic mulching. It focuses on developing practical skills in cultivating soil to the correct tilth and applying suitable organic materials to improve soil health, moisture retention, and weed suppression. Effective soil preparation and mulching are fundamental to successful plant establishment and sustainable garden maintenance.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    8 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Cut, process and extract coppice

    Coppicing is a traditional woodland management technique involving the periodic cutting of trees near ground level to encourage multi-stemmed regrowth. This subtopic covers the safe felling, processing, and extraction of coppice products, ensuring learners can apply correct techniques and comply with industry standards. Proficiency in coppice work supports sustainable woodland management and the supply of small-diameter timber for products like fencing, fuel, and crafts.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Restore soft landscape areas

    This element covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to restore soft landscape areas, including assessing damage, selecting appropriate plants and materials, and implementing restoration techniques. It emphasises the integration of health and safety legislation and environmental best practice, such as waste management and pollution prevention, ensuring learners can carry out restoration tasks sustainably and safely. Mastery of this topic enables professionals to rejuvenate gardens, parks, and natural spaces, maintaining ecological balance and aesthetic value.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Prune and train wall shrubs and climbing plants

    This element develops essential practical skills for maintaining wall shrubs and climbing plants through correct pruning techniques. Learners will understand plant growth habits, appropriate timing, tool selection, and safe pruning methods to promote healthy development, flowering, and fruiting while maintaining aesthetic form and structural integrity.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes20 guidance points3 criteria

    Maintain the health and appearance of interior plant displays

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills and knowledge required to sustain visually appealing and healthy interior plantscapes in commercial and public settings. Learners will understand how to select, operate, and upkeep equipment, perform routine maintenance tasks such as watering, feeding, pruning, and cleaning, and apply health and safety and environmental best practices to ensure long-term plant vitality and client satisfaction. Mastery of these competencies is essential for professional horticulturists working in interior landscaping.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Prick out seedlings singly

    Pricking out seedlings singly is a fundamental horticultural technique involving the careful transplanting of individual seedlings from a crowded seed tray or container into separate pots, modules, or cells. This process ensures each young plant has sufficient space, light, and nutrients to develop a strong root system and healthy top growth, minimising competition and damping-off disease. Mastery of this skill is essential for producing robust plants for bedding, vegetable plots, and container displays, and forms the basis of efficient nursery production.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    13 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Dispose of stumps and roots

    This element covers the safe and environmentally responsible removal and disposal of tree stumps and roots, a critical skill in arboriculture to clear land for replanting or construction. Learners will develop competence in selecting and using appropriate equipment such as stump grinders and winches, while adhering to health and safety legislation and minimising ecological impact. Proper disposal methods, including chipping, burning, or removal to landfill, are evaluated to ensure compliance with environmental good practice.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Set and mark out landscape sites to establish grassed and planted areas

    This element equips learners with the practical skills to accurately set and mark out landscape sites in preparation for establishing grassed and planted areas. It encompasses interpreting scaled plans, transferring dimensions onto the ground using a range of instruments, and ensuring that all works are carried out in compliance with health and safety regulations and environmental best practice. Mastery of these tasks is essential for achieving design intent and avoiding costly rework.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Propagate by stem cuttings

    This unit covers the knowledge and skills required to propagate plants using stem cuttings, including selecting suitable material and using correct techniques.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    8 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Prune deciduous spring-flowering shrubs

    This subtopic covers the principles and practical skills required to appropriately prune deciduous shrubs that flower in spring on the previous year's growth. Correct timing and technique are essential to maintain plant health, shape, and flowering potential, ensuring that subsequent displays are not compromised. Candidates will learn to identify when and how to prune, using industry-standard tools to remove spent blooms, dead, diseased, or crossing stems, and to promote vigorous new growth for future seasons.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills +3 more

    11 learning outcomes46 guidance points6 criteria

    Specify the maintenance of landscapes

    This element focuses on the professional compilation of a landscape maintenance specification, a detailed document that outlines all necessary tasks, frequencies, resources, and quality standards to sustain the designed aesthetic and functional integrity of a landscape. It bridges theoretical horticultural knowledge with practical, site-specific application, ensuring that maintenance operations are planned, resourced, and executed efficiently while complying with health, safety, and environmental regulations. Learners will develop the ability to assess landscape requirements, define clear performance criteria, and produce actionable plans that can be implemented by maintenance teams.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Maintain the health of sports turf

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to sustain healthy, resilient sports turf surfaces. Learners must demonstrate competence in routine turf maintenance tasks, equipment selection and upkeep, and adherence to health, safety, and environmental protocols. Effective turf health management ensures playability, aesthetic quality, and longevity of sports grounds across seasons.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Extract timber using a horse

    This element focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to safely and efficiently extract timber using a horse. It covers the selection, fitting, and maintenance of specialized harnesses and extraction equipment, understanding horse behaviour and welfare during work, and applying low-impact extraction techniques that minimize ground disturbance and damage to standing trees. The element integrates health and safety legislation and industry good practice, ensuring learners can plan and execute extraction operations while preserving site integrity and promoting sustainable woodland management.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Construct and Restore Walls

    This subtopic develops practical skills in constructing new outdoor walls and restoring existing ones, essential for horticultural and landscape projects. It covers foundations, bonding patterns, mortar mixing, and finishing techniques, alongside assessment and remediation of structural defects. Proficiency ensures safe, durable walls that enhance landscape aesthetics and functionality.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture +1 more

    20 learning outcomes33 guidance points4 criteria

    Conduct and report on a field survey for access networks

    This element focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to conduct a field survey of existing access networks (e.g., paths, tracks, roads) within a horticultural or land-based setting. Learners must collect accurate, relevant data while adhering to health and safety protocols and minimising environmental impact, culminating in a comprehensive report that informs management decisions. The ability to interpret and present survey findings is critical for planning maintenance, improvement, or new construction of access infrastructure.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    2 learning outcomes11 guidance points2 criteria

    Introduction to art and design for florists

    This element introduces the foundational art and design concepts essential for creating professional floral arrangements. Learners explore the elements and principles of design, colour theory, and their practical application through working drawings and sketches, developing the creative and technical skills necessary for the floristry industry.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Award in Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Floristry

    3 learning outcomes19 guidance points3 criteria

    Understand and Carry Out Tree and Shrub Planting, Aftercare and Protection for Forestry and Arboriculture

    This subtopic encompasses the full cycle of tree and shrub establishment, from pre-planting planning through to long-term aftercare, within both forestry and amenity contexts. Learners must integrate knowledge of environmental factors, legal frameworks, and practical techniques to ensure successful establishment and protection. The focus is on developing competent practitioners who can independently plan, execute, and maintain planting projects in line with industry standards.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +2 more

    21 learning outcomes48 guidance points5 criteria

    Felling and Extraction of Timber from Woodland

    This subtopic covers the practical skills and theoretical knowledge required for safely felling trees in a woodland environment and extracting the timber. It includes site assessment, hazard identification, chainsaw operation, felling techniques, extraction methods, and compliance with health and safety legislation. Learners will apply these skills to real-world scenarios, ensuring minimal environmental impact and efficient timber recovery.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Extended Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture

    14 learning outcomes30 guidance points3 criteria

    Operating Mounted, Trailed and Self Propelled Hydraulic Nozzle or Rotary Atomiser Horizontal Boom Sprayers

    This subtopic covers the safe and effective operation of mounted, trailed and self-propelled horizontal boom sprayers equipped with hydraulic nozzles or rotary atomisers. Learners will develop competence in interpreting product labels, calibrating equipment to deliver correct dose rates, assessing weather conditions to minimise drift, and complying with legal requirements for pesticide application. Mastery ensures accurate application, reduced environmental impact, and adherence to health and safety standards.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Safe Application of Pesticides Using Self Propelled, Mounted or Trailed Horizontal Boom Sprayers

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Build a sample brick wall

    This subtopic introduces learners to the fundamental principles and practical techniques of building a simple brick wall, a common feature in horticultural settings such as raised beds, retaining walls, and garden boundaries. Learners will develop competence in preparing materials, mixing mortar, and laying bricks to line and level, emphasizing safe working practices and accurate craftsmanship.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    8 learning outcomes30 guidance points3 criteria

    Assist with Planting and Establishing Plants

    This element introduces learners to the foundational skills of assisting with planting and subsequent establishment care under supervision in land-based settings. It emphasizes practical tasks such as site preparation, correct planting depth, watering, and mulching, while embedding safe working practices and tool handling. Successful completion ensures learners can contribute effectively to team planting operations with an awareness of health and safety protocols.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Assist with maintaining structures and surfaces

    This subtopic equips learners with the essential skills to support the upkeep of land-based structures such as fences, gates, and greenhouses, alongside surfaces like paths and driveways. It emphasises practical tasks including cleaning, minor repairs, and applying preservatives, always under supervision to ensure compliance with health and safety standards. Effective maintenance prolongs asset life and upholds safe, functional working environments.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    2 learning outcomes13 guidance points2 criteria

    Carry out aerial rescue operations

    This element focuses on the essential skills and knowledge required to safely and effectively carry out aerial rescue operations in arboriculture. Learners develop the ability to assess emergency situations, select appropriate rescue techniques, and perform rescues in compliance with current health and safety legislation and industry best practice. Proficiency in these procedures is critical for ensuring the safety of both the rescuer and the casualty during tree work incidents.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Carry out a site survey in two dimensions

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skill of conducting a two-dimensional site survey, which involves measuring and recording the horizontal layout of a garden or landscape area to scale. Mastery of this competency is critical for planning horticultural projects, establishing boundaries, locating existing features, and producing accurate base maps for design and construction. Learners will develop the ability to select and use appropriate surveying equipment, apply basic measurement techniques (including linear, offset, and triangulation methods), and create clear, annotated sketch plans that capture all relevant spatial data.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes25 guidance points3 criteria

    Collect and prepare propagation material

    This element covers the practical skills of selecting and gathering viable propagation material such as seeds, cuttings, or divisions, and preparing them for successful propagation. It emphasises accurate record-keeping to trace plant provenance and health, adherence to health and safety legislation, and minimising environmental impact through sustainable collection practices.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Manage the environmental impact of work activities

    This element focuses on integrating environmental stewardship into floristry practice, requiring learners to interpret legislation, assess ecological footprints of floral operations, and implement sustainable resource management. It empowers professionals to minimise waste, reduce carbon impact, and promote continuous improvement in environmental performance within a commercial floristry context.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Operating pedestrian hand held applicators fitted with hydraulic nozzles or rotary atomisers to apply pesticides to land

    This element covers the safe and effective operation of pedestrian hand held pesticide applicators, specifically those using hydraulic nozzles or rotary atomisers for applying products to land. It integrates legislative compliance, environmental risk assessment, and precise calibration to ensure accurate application rates while minimising off-target drift and operator exposure. The focus is on translating product label instructions into practical field operations, from pre-use checks to post-spray maintenance and record-keeping.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Award In The Safe Application of Pesticides Using Pedestrian Hand Held Equipment

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Prune bush roses

    This practical subtopic equips learners with the essential knowledge and hands-on skills to prune bush roses effectively, promoting vigorous growth, abundant flowering, and plant health. Mastery involves understanding rose anatomy, correct pruning techniques, seasonal timing, and safe tool use, ensuring learners can produce neat, open-centred bushes that meet professional horticultural standards.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes22 guidance points3 criteria

    Maintaining plants outdoors

    This element covers the essential practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to maintain outdoor plants effectively. Learners develop competence in selecting and using appropriate hand tools and powered equipment, carrying out seasonal maintenance tasks, and ensuring plant health through informed interventions. Emphasis is placed on safe working practices, environmental stewardship, and compliance with relevant legislation and codes of practice.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    2 learning outcomes16 guidance points2 criteria

    Extract wood and wood products using small motorised equipment

    This element covers the safe extraction of wood and wood products using small motorised equipment such as chainsaws, winches, and mini-forwarders. Learners must demonstrate practical competence in planning and executing extraction operations while adhering to health and safety legislation, site-specific risk assessments, and industry good practice. The focus is on operational skills that minimize environmental impact and ensure the safety of operators, bystanders, and property.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes13 guidance points

    Transplant large root-balled plants

    This element covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to successfully lift, transport, and re-establish large root-balled plants. Learners must understand how to minimise transplant shock, select appropriate equipment, and apply correct aftercare to ensure plant survival and integrate health, safety, and environmental best practices throughout the process.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Award in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Prune free standing fruit trees in winter

    This subtopic covers the principles and practices of winter pruning free-standing fruit trees, focusing on maintaining tree health, structure, and productivity. Learners develop the skills to prepare tools, assess tree form, and execute precise cuts to remove dead, diseased, and crossing branches, while shaping the tree for optimal light penetration and fruit yield. Practical application involves hands-on pruning sessions under supervision, ensuring compliance with horticultural best practices and safety standards.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Prune deciduous shrubs flowering on current season’s growth

    This subtopic covers the principles and practice of pruning deciduous shrubs that produce flowers on the current season's growth, such as Buddleia davidii and hardy fuchsias. Learners must understand that these plants are pruned hard in late winter or early spring to stimulate vigorous new stems, which will bear flowers later that summer. Correct pruning techniques are essential for plant health, controlled shape, and optimal floral display in horticultural settings.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    8 learning outcomes30 guidance points3 criteria

    Prune soft fruit bushes and cane fruits

    This unit focuses on the essential pruning techniques for soft fruit bushes and cane fruits to maintain plant health, encourage high yields, and manage growth. Learners will explore the biological reasons for pruning, such as removing dead, diseased, or damaged wood, improving air circulation, and shaping plants for easier harvesting. Practical skills include selecting appropriate tools, making correct pruning cuts, and training stems onto supports to optimize fruit production in garden or commercial settings.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    8 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Fell and process trees up to 380mm

    This subtopic focuses on the practical skills and knowledge required to safely fell and process trees with a diameter at breast height up to 380mm, using a chainsaw. It covers site assessment, correct felling techniques, branch removal, and the safe take-down of hung-up trees, all in line with health and safety legislation and industry good practice. Learners must demonstrate competence in real work-based scenarios to meet occupational standards.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Maintaining water features

    This subtopic covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to maintain water features within the horticultural environment. Learners will demonstrate selection and safe use of equipment, while applying health and safety legislation and environmental good practice to protect water quality and biodiversity.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Merchandise plants and other relevant products

    This subtopic covers the principles and practical skills required to effectively display and sell plants and horticultural products in a retail or production setting. It focuses on creating attractive, informative displays that promote sales while ensuring plant health and quality are maintained. Learners will develop techniques for merchandising, pricing, stock rotation, and ongoing plant care to meet commercial standards and customer expectations.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Repair damaged turf

    This subtopic covers the essential skills for restoring damaged turf areas, focusing on identifying common types of damage, preparing the site properly, and executing effective repair techniques. Learners will develop the ability to assess turf conditions, select appropriate tools and materials, and apply practical methods to achieve a healthy, uniform lawn surface.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    7 learning outcomes19 guidance points3 criteria

    Monitor and maintain watering systems

    This topic covers monitoring and maintaining watering systems in horticulture, including safe working, equipment selection, and record keeping.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Identify tree species and their properties

    This element equips learners with the essential skills to accurately identify tree species using morphological features such as leaves, bark, and buds, and to understand their timber properties, growth habits, and site requirements. Practical application includes selecting appropriate species for planting and utilising timber correctly, directly supporting work-based tasks in arboriculture and forestry.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes4 guidance points

    Prune hedges by hand

    This element focuses on the practical skill of manually pruning hedges to maintain health, shape, and amenity value. Learners develop competency in selecting and using hand tools, applying correct cutting techniques, and following safe working practices. Mastery ensures neat, vigorous hedges while minimizing plant stress and promoting long-term structure.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    11 learning outcomes27 guidance points3 criteria

    Select garden chemicals

    This subtopic develops learners' ability to interpret garden chemical and pesticide packaging, including hazard symbols, active ingredients, and application instructions, and to select the appropriate product for specific horticultural tasks. Mastery ensures safe, effective, and environmentally responsible chemical use in practical settings.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    8 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Lay a hedge

    This topic covers health and safety, planning, and laying a hedge. It is part of the City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Trees and Timber.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Prune shrubs for winter stem colour

    This subtopic focuses on the pruning technique for shrubs valued for their vibrant winter stem colour, such as Cornus and Salix. It involves cutting back old stems annually to ground level or a low framework in late winter or early spring, which stimulates the growth of new, brightly coloured shoots for the following season. Mastery ensures a healthy, colourful display during the dull winter months, enhancing garden aesthetics.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    8 learning outcomes22 guidance points3 criteria

    Sow seeds outdoors by hand

    This subtopic covers the principles and practice of hand-sowing seeds in an outdoor environment. Learners will explore the key requirements for successful germination, including soil preparation, sowing depth, spacing, and environmental conditions, and demonstrate the ability to perform the task accurately and safely. The focus is on applying this skill in real-world horticultural settings, such as vegetable plots or flower borders.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    7 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Monitor and record environmental conditions for protected crops

    This element focuses on the essential skills required to accurately monitor and record environmental parameters within a protected cropping environment, such as temperature, humidity, light, and ventilation, to optimise plant growth and resource use. Learners must demonstrate the ability to use monitoring equipment correctly, interpret data against crop requirements, and maintain clear, compliant records that support crop schedules and demonstrate adherence to health, safety, and environmental legislation.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes12 guidance points

    Maintain and repair site furniture and structures

    This unit focuses on the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to maintain and repair site furniture and structures within a trees and timber context, such as benches, fences, gates, and signage. Learners must demonstrate the ability to work safely, select and use appropriate tools, and apply environmental good practice, while understanding relevant legislation. Successful completion ensures that furniture and structures remain safe, functional, and aesthetically pleasing in outdoor environments.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes5 guidance points

    Remove dew from fine turf

    This element covers the practical skill of removing dew from fine turf playing surfaces, a vital maintenance task that helps prevent fungal diseases, improves surface playability, and ensures consistent turf health. Learners will explore the reasons for dew removal, the selection and safe use of equipment such as switches, drag mats, and brushes, and the correct timing and techniques to avoid surface damage. Mastery of this skill supports overall turf quality and underpins professional entry-level roles in sports turf and grounds maintenance.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    12 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Plan, deliver and evaluate environmental projects

    This subtopic equips learners with the skills to initiate, execute, and critically assess environmental projects within horticultural settings, including habitat restoration, community green spaces, or sustainable land management. It integrates project management principles with environmental science, requiring learners to produce detailed plans, monitor implementation, and measure ecological and social outcomes against objectives. Mastery demonstrates the ability to lead projects that balance horticultural best practice with conservation priorities.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Monitor and report on the growth and development of crops and plants

    This subtopic equips learners with the skills to systematically observe and record plant growth stages, identifying deviations from expected development. It emphasizes the importance of accurate reporting for informed decision-making in crop management, while ensuring compliance with health and safety regulations and environmental stewardship to minimize negative impacts. Proficiency in monitoring benefits crop yield optimization and sustainable horticultural practices.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Train and prune fruit trees

    This subtopic covers the fundamental principles and practical techniques of pruning and training fruit trees, focusing on spur pruning methods. Learners will understand the horticultural rationale behind pruning, such as promoting healthy growth, increasing fruit yield, and maintaining tree structure. Practical application involves using correct tools, making appropriate cuts, and training branches to desired forms, essential for productive orchard management.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes28 guidance points3 criteria

    Maintain coppice health and productivity

    This subtopic covers the essential practices for sustaining healthy coppice woodland, including safe operation, density management, and productivity enhancement. Learners will understand how to apply relevant health and safety legislation and industry good practice to real-world coppice work, ensuring sustainable timber production and habitat conservation. Mastery involves balancing ecological knowledge with practical skills to optimise yield while preserving woodland health.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Use a pedestrian controlled rotary cultivator

    This subtopic covers the safe and effective operation of a pedestrian-controlled rotary cultivator, a walk-behind machine with rotating blades (tines) used to break up, aerate, and mix soil in horticultural settings. Learners will understand why cultivation is necessary for creating a suitable tilth, weed control, and incorporating organic matter, and will develop practical skills in preparing and using the equipment to achieve a consistent, fine soil structure for planting or sowing.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes20 guidance points3 criteria

    Repair area of damaged turf with seed

    This element focuses on the practical techniques for repairing damaged turf areas using grass seed, a fundamental skill in grounds maintenance. Learners will select appropriate seed mixtures, prepare the damaged area through forking, raking, and levelling, and apply seed at the correct rate before protecting the repair with netting or light topdressing. Successful completion ensures the restored area blends evenly with existing turf, promoting healthy regrowth and aesthetic continuity in sports fields, lawns, and public green spaces.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills

    7 learning outcomes26 guidance points3 criteria

    Maintain open drainage systems

    This element covers the essential skills and knowledge required to effectively maintain open drainage systems within tree and timber environments. Learners will develop competence in identifying common drainage issues, carrying out routine maintenance tasks such as clearing debris and managing vegetation, and applying safe working practices in line with relevant legislation. Practical application ensures that water flow is sustained to prevent waterlogging, which can damage tree health and timber quality.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Scarify turf by hand

    This element introduces the essential practical skill of scarifying turf by hand to maintain healthy lawn growth. Learners will explore the reasons for scarification, identify suitable tools, and apply correct manual techniques to remove thatch and moss. The skill is fundamental in grounds maintenance and landscaping, promoting turf aeration, water infiltration, and nutrient uptake.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills

    7 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Obtain, position and prepare growing media

    In this unit, learners develop the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to select, source, handle, and prepare growing media for horticultural use. This includes understanding the properties of different media, ensuring safe manual handling and storage, and minimising environmental impact through sustainable practices. Correct preparation ensures optimal plant growth and compliance with industry standards.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Undertake Retail Merchandising for the Land-based Sector

    This subtopic covers the application of retail merchandising principles within land-based businesses such as garden centres, plant nurseries, and agricultural suppliers, focusing on effective product presentation, targeted promotion, and sound stock management to drive sales. Learners will integrate customer service skills with display techniques and financial controls specific to seasonal and perishable stock common in horticulture. Practical application involves creating visually appealing displays, planning marketing campaigns for live goods, and managing inventory to minimise waste while maximising profitability.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Place and fix fence posts

    Placing and fixing fence posts requires safe working practices, correct tool selection, and proper material preparation. You must follow legislation and codes of practice to ensure stability and durability.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Set out a right angle on the ground

    Setting out a right angle on the ground is a fundamental surveying skill in horticulture, essential for accurately marking out planting beds, paths, structures, and boundaries. Learners will apply practical methods such as the 3-4-5 triangle rule using tapes, pegs, and string lines to ensure square layouts, directly transferring geometric principles to real-world site development. Mastery of this technique supports precise land measurement and underpins professional practice in landscape construction and garden design.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    7 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Place goods and materials into storage

    This subtopic covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to correctly place a range of horticultural goods and materials into storage, ensuring their quality and safety are maintained. It includes interpreting storage requirements for different item types (e.g., live plants, chemicals, tools) and following organisational procedures to maximise space efficiency and minimise hazards. Learners will also develop the ability to identify and report storage facility or equipment faults and propose appropriate remedial actions.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes4 guidance points

    Set out pots, modules or trays following potting or pricking out

    This element equips learners with the practical skills to arrange potted or pricked-out plants correctly in growing-on areas. Proper setting out maximises space utilisation, ensures even light and air circulation, and facilitates systematic watering and monitoring, directly impacting plant health and uniformity. This foundational competence is essential in nurseries, garden centres, and grounds maintenance, supporting efficient workflow and high-quality plant production.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    7 learning outcomes27 guidance points3 criteria

    Undertake Specification, Programming and Monitoring of Landscape Projects

    This element focuses on the systematic approach to planning and managing landscape projects, requiring learners to produce detailed specifications that outline materials, methods, and quality standards, accurately estimate total project costs including labour, materials, and contingencies, and effectively interpret contractual documents to monitor project progress, variations, and compliance. Mastery ensures projects are delivered on time, within budget, and to client expectations.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Identify and Select Trees and Shrubs

    This topic involves identifying common trees and shrubs using features like leaves, bark, and growth habit. Learners must understand selection criteria such as site conditions, purpose, and maintenance needs. Practical identification skills are essential for arboriculture work.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Extended Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture

    12 learning outcomes22 guidance points3 criteria

    Build or repair a dry stone wall

    This element introduces the traditional skill of dry stone wall construction, essential for creating durable, mortar-free boundaries and features in horticultural and landscape settings. Learners will develop practical abilities in stripping out old walls, preparing foundations, selecting and placing stones, and building structurally sound walls with correct batter and throughstones. The unit emphasises safe working practices, tool use, and the appreciation of heritage craftsmanship.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills

    12 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Conduct and report on a field survey for animals

    This element equips learners with the skills to systematically survey animal populations in horticultural and land-based settings, ensuring accurate data collection while adhering to health and safety protocols and minimising ecological disturbance. The survey outcomes inform habitat management decisions, conservation planning, and compliance with environmental regulations. Learners will produce a structured report demonstrating professional competency in field techniques and data interpretation.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    2 learning outcomes18 guidance points2 criteria

    Operate, Maintain and Understand the Principles of Specialist Forestry and Arboricultural Machinery

    This subtopic addresses the safe and efficient operation, maintenance, and underpinning principles of specialist machinery used in forestry and arboriculture, such as chainsaws, woodchippers, stump grinders, and harvesters. It equips learners to select appropriate equipment for site conditions, perform routine servicing, and apply correct operational techniques while minimising environmental impact and adhering to health and safety regulations.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +1 more

    13 learning outcomes32 guidance points4 criteria

    Introduction to balloon artistry

    This subtopic introduces learners to the fundamental principles of balloon artistry within the floristry context, focusing on the identification of client and event-specific design requirements such as color schemes, theme, and spatial constraints. Practical skills include the production of a variety of balloon arrangements—from simple bouquets to more complex structures—using inflation techniques, sizing, and assembly methods. Evaluation covers aesthetic quality, structural integrity, and suitability for the brief, linking balloon work to broader floristry design practices.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Floristry

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Construct a paved area in a garden

    The construction of a paved area requires knowledge of site preparation, sub-base compaction, concrete and mortar mixing, and precise slab laying to achieve correct falls and patterns. This element assesses practical skills in creating a durable and level paved surface while adhering to industry standards for materials handling, safety, and site cleanliness.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes30 guidance points3 criteria

    Construct Horizontal Landscape Surfaces

    This element focuses on the practical and theoretical principles involved in constructing horizontal landscape surfaces such as patios, paths, and steps. It covers ground profiling, excavation, base preparation, laying of surface materials, and subsequent maintenance to ensure longevity and safety. Learners will apply industry standards to assess soil conditions, select appropriate construction techniques, and comply with health and safety regulations.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Horticulture +1 more

    17 learning outcomes34 guidance points4 criteria

    Operating Vehicle Mounted Kerb Sprayers Fitted with Hydraulic Nozzles/Rotary Atomisers

    This subtopic covers the safe and compliant operation of vehicle-mounted kerb sprayers equipped with hydraulic nozzles or rotary atomisers for targeted pesticide application. Learners must integrate knowledge of legislation, environmental risk assessment, product information interpretation, and meticulous calibration to ensure effective weed control on verges and kerbsides while minimising drift and protecting watercourses.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Safe Application of Pesticides Using Self Propelled, Mounted or Trailed Horizontal Boom Sprayers

    1 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Assist with the care of animals

    This subtopic equips learners with fundamental competencies for assisting in the routine care of animals within a land-based setting, emphasizing the practical application of health monitoring, feeding, and watering tasks. At this level, learners develop an understanding of how their duties support animal welfare, hygiene standards, and the operational efficiency of a site. Mastery of these skills is essential for progression in animal care roles and demonstrates a commitment to ethical and safe working practices.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    3 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Operating Pedestrian Hand Held Applicators Fitted With Hydraulic Nozzles or Rotary Atomisers to Apply Pesticides to or Near Water

    This subtopic covers the safe and compliant operation of pedestrian handheld applicators—specifically those with hydraulic nozzles or rotary atomisers—when applying pesticides to or near water bodies. It integrates legislative knowledge, environmental risk assessment, and practical calibration and operation skills to prevent water contamination and ensure effective pest control. Mastery is essential for operators working in sensitive aquatic environments, where misapplication can lead to severe ecological harm and legal breaches.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Award In The Safe Application of Pesticides Using Pedestrian Hand Held Equipment

    1 learning outcomes11 guidance points

    Introduction to working in the floristry industry

    This subtopic provides learners with a foundational understanding of the floristry industry, including essential health and safety protocols, basic administrative tasks, industry working practices, and the initial stages of processing design requirements. Learners will explore how to apply safe working methods, manage routine paperwork, and interpret customer briefs to underpin their practical floristry skills.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Award in Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate in Floristry, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Floristry

    6 learning outcomes22 guidance points3 criteria

    Give customers a positive impression of yourself and your organisation.

    This subtopic focuses on the interpersonal skills and professional conduct essential for creating a positive first impression in a floristry environment. It covers how personal presentation, communication techniques, and understanding customer needs directly impact customer satisfaction and the organisation’s reputation. Mastering these skills ensures repeat business and builds a trustworthy brand image.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    5 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Carry out maintenance of chainsaw and cutting system

    This element focuses on the correct and safe maintenance of chainsaws and their cutting systems, crucial for operational efficiency and safety in arboriculture. Learners must demonstrate both theoretical knowledge of health and safety legislation and industry good practice, alongside practical competence in carrying out routine and periodic maintenance tasks, including sharpening, tensioning, and inspecting components to manufacturer specifications. The aim is to ensure that chainsaws remain in safe working condition, minimizing the risk of accidents and environmental damage.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Sow grass seed by hand

    This subtopic introduces learners to the essential practical skill of sowing grass seed evenly and effectively by hand. It covers the preparation of the seedbed, the correct technique for broadcasting seed, and the aftercare necessary for successful germination and establishment. Mastery of this technique is fundamental for lawn creation, repair, and general groundsmanship.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills

    8 learning outcomes19 guidance points3 criteria

    Plant nomenclature, terminology and identification

    This subtopic equips learners with essential skills in plant nomenclature, enabling accurate identification and naming using the binomial system. It covers botanical terminology for plant parts, such as leaves, stems, roots, and flowers, to support reliable identification in horticultural practice. Safe working practices and minimisation of environmental impact are integrated to ensure responsible plant handling in the field.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    1 learning outcomes5 guidance points

    Operate a grapple loader

    This unit covers the safe and efficient operation of a grapple loader within the arboriculture and forestry sector. Learners will develop the skills to manoeuvre, load, and handle timber using hydraulic grapple attachments, while adhering to health and safety legislation and industry best practice. Mastery of this equipment is essential for reducing manual handling risks and improving productivity on site.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Assist with the Maintenance of Grass Surfaces

    This unit introduces learners to fundamental practices in grass surface maintenance, including routine tasks such as mowing, strimming, and edging under close supervision. Learners will develop an understanding of safe working procedures, appropriate tool usage, and environmental considerations, preparing them for entry-level roles in grounds maintenance or horticulture.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award in Work-Based Land-based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    3 learning outcomes20 guidance points3 criteria

    Carry out non chemical post-planting protection and maintenance

    This element focuses on the practical skills and knowledge required to protect newly planted trees using non-chemical methods. It covers physical barriers, mulching, watering, and regular monitoring to ensure establishment without harming the environment. Learners will apply health and safety legislation and environmental best practices while selecting and maintaining appropriate equipment.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Introduction to Land-based Machinery Operations

    This subtopic provides foundational knowledge and practical skills for the safe and effective operation of land-based machinery in forestry and arboriculture. Learners will cover pre-use preparation, operational techniques, and routine maintenance of equipment such as chainsaws, brushcutters, and compact tractors, ensuring compliance with health and safety regulations and industry best practices. The focus is on developing competence to reduce risks, enhance productivity, and maintain machinery in optimal working condition within real-world land-based environments.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Extended Certificate in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture

    12 learning outcomes21 guidance points2 criteria

    Assist with the basic preparation and operation of a tractor

    This element introduces learners to the fundamental procedures for assisting with a tractor's preparation and safe operation in land-based settings. It covers essential pre-start checks, basic driving control, and the correct fitting of commonly used attachments, emphasising health and safety protocols and efficient work practices.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    2 learning outcomes16 guidance points2 criteria

    Construct and maintain boundaries

    This element covers the practical skills and theoretical knowledge required to construct, repair, and maintain various boundary structures in horticultural settings, such as fences, walls, and hedges. Learners will develop competence in selecting appropriate materials, using hand and power tools safely, and complying with health and safety regulations and environmental best practices to ensure durable and aesthetically pleasing boundaries.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills , City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills +3 more

    21 learning outcomes50 guidance points6 criteria

    Introduction to function decorating using floral displays

    This unit introduces learners to the principles of designing floral arrangements for events, covering client consultation, design production, and post-event care. Learners develop skills in interpreting briefs, creating appropriate designs, and maintaining floral quality to meet industry standards.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Floristry

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Care for a planted area

    This element covers the essential routines for maintaining healthy planted areas, including watering, weeding, mulching, and simple pruning. Learners develop practical competence through hands-on tasks, enabling them to contribute effectively to garden maintenance teams. Mastery of these skills is a stepping stone to further horticultural qualifications and roles.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    9 learning outcomes25 guidance points3 criteria

    Operating Pedestrian Hand Held Applicators to Apply Pesticide Pellets or Granules to Land

    This element focuses on the safe and effective operation of pedestrian hand held applicators for pesticide pellets or granules, ensuring minimal environmental impact and compliance with legislation. It covers interpreting product labels, calibrating equipment for accurate application rates, and performing pre-use checks, all essential to prevent drift, overdosing, and operator exposure.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Award In The Safe Application of Pesticides Using Pedestrian Hand Held Equipment

    1 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Conduct and report on a field survey for habitat types

    This subtopic equips learners with the practical skills to systematically survey habitats, accurately record ecological data, and produce professional reports within a work-based horticulture context. It emphasises the integration of safe working practices and environmental stewardship while applying standardised survey methodologies to assess habitat types, vegetation communities, and indicator species. Mastery involves demonstrating competence in both fieldwork execution and the collation of findings into a structured report that informs land management decisions.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    2 learning outcomes18 guidance points2 criteria

    Cut hedges using a pedestrian-operated, petrol-engined hedge trimmer

    This subtopic develops learners' competence in safely operating a pedestrian-controlled petrol-engined hedge trimmer for hedge maintenance, with particular emphasis on working in publicly-accessible areas. It covers risk assessment, environmental considerations, equipment preparation, and correct cutting techniques to achieve a neat, healthy finish while protecting the public and complying with legislation.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes24 guidance points3 criteria

    Negotiate and agree terms and conditions for the sale of floristry products and services

    This unit focuses on the professional sales process in floristry, encompassing client consultation, negotiation of bespoke terms, accurate pricing aligned with design and materials, and ensuring contractual compliance with business policies and relevant legislation. Mastery enables florists to secure profitable agreements while delivering tailored floral solutions that meet both creative briefs and regulatory standards.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Collect and prepare produce or plant material for transport

    This unit covers the essential skills and knowledge required to harvest produce and plant material correctly, ensuring it remains in optimal condition during handling and transportation. Learners will develop practical techniques for selection, cleaning, grading, and packaging, while also understanding the importance of quality control, record-keeping, and compliance with industry standards. Ultimately, this unit prepares individuals for entry-level roles in horticulture where post-harvest handling directly impacts product marketability and customer satisfaction.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills

    13 learning outcomes25 guidance points3 criteria

    Operating Pedestrian Hand Held Applicators to Apply Pesticide Pellets or Granules to or Near Water

    This element focuses on the safe and legally compliant application of pesticide pellets or granules in proximity to water bodies using pedestrian hand-held equipment. It requires operators to interpret product labels, assess environmental risks, accurately calibrate applicators, and perform precise application to avoid water contamination. Practical application emphasizes ecosystem protection while maintaining effective pest control.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Award In The Safe Application of Pesticides Using Pedestrian Hand Held Equipment

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    Carry out vegetation management in proximity of underground utilities

    This subtopic focuses on the safe execution of vegetation management tasks when working near underground utilities, including the correct identification, marking, and avoidance of buried services. Learners must apply relevant health and safety legislation and industry good practice such as HSG47 to prevent service strikes, injury, and disruption, while effectively managing tree and plant growth in proximity to these assets. Practical application involves using cable avoidance tools, interpreting utility plans, and employing safe digging techniques to protect both personnel and underground infrastructure.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Conduct and report on a field survey for people

    This element focuses on the methods and protocols for conducting field surveys to collect data on people's interactions within horticultural environments, such as visitor numbers, behavior patterns, and satisfaction levels. It emphasizes the importance of adhering to health and safety regulations, employing non-invasive techniques to minimize disturbance to both people and the natural surroundings, and accurately recording observations for subsequent analysis. Successful completion equips learners with the skills to produce professional reports that inform landscape management decisions and enhance public engagement.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    6 learning outcomes15 guidance points2 criteria

    Deal with requests and provide advice to customers

    This element focuses on developing effective customer service skills within horticultural contexts such as garden centres, nurseries, and landscaping services. Learners will practise identifying customer needs, offering accurate and tailored horticultural advice, and handling enquiries or complaints to ensure high-quality customer care. The aim is to build confidence in communicating solutions that match customer requirements while promoting good horticultural practices.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 2 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes23 guidance points3 criteria

    Construct and maintain paths

    This element covers the practical skills and underpinning knowledge required to construct, repair and maintain a range of path types commonly found in horticultural and landscape settings. Learners will develop proficiency in selecting appropriate materials, using specialist tools and equipment, and applying safe working practices to create durable, functional pathways while minimising environmental impact and complying with relevant legislation.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    7 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Assist with the Maintenance of Equipment

    This subtopic focuses on equipping learners with the foundational skills to support equipment maintenance in land-based settings. It covers safe preparation of tools and machinery, assisting in basic maintenance tasks under supervision, and adherence to health and safety protocols to prevent accidents and ensure operational efficiency.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma in Work-based Land-Based Operations, City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate in Work-based Land-Based Operations

    2 learning outcomes18 guidance points2 criteria

    Conduct and report on a field survey for physical features

    This element develops competence in conducting systematic field surveys to identify and record physical site characteristics such as topography, soil, hydrology, and existing vegetation. Learners must apply safe, low-impact methods to gather accurate data and then compile a comprehensive report that interprets these features for horticultural planning and decision-making.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture, City & Guilds Level 3 Certificate in Work-based Horticulture

    6 learning outcomes15 guidance points2 criteria

    Introduction to Land-based Workshop Practice

    This element introduces learners to fundamental workshop skills essential for the maintenance and repair of land-based machinery in forestry and arboriculture. It covers health and safety regulations, safe operation of hand and power tools, basic welding and cutting techniques, and systematic maintenance procedures. Practical application ensures equipment reliability and personal safety in demanding outdoor work environments.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture

    5 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Construct water features

    This element focuses on the practical skills and knowledge required to construct a variety of water features in horticultural settings. Learners will develop expertise in site preparation, material selection, and the safe operation of tools and equipment, while adhering to project specifications and current legislation. Emphasis is placed on problem-solving during construction and minimizing environmental impact.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Horticulture

    8 learning outcomes9 guidance points

    Plan, assemble and evaluate diverse floral designs

    This subtopic equips learners with the essential competencies to independently plan, construct, and critically assess a wide variety of floral arrangements for diverse settings and client specifications. It integrates creative design principles with practical assembly skills, safe tool usage, and a professional evaluation process, ensuring designs meet industry standards and legal requirements. Mastery of these elements is vital for providing commercially viable floristry services and achieving high levels of client satisfaction.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Improve own performance in a business environment

    This element focuses on equipping learners with the skills to critically reflect on their own performance in a floristry business setting, using feedback from supervisors, peers, and customers to identify areas for improvement. It emphasises the creation of a personal learning plan that aligns developmental needs with the practical demands of the floristry industry, ensuring continuous professional growth and enhanced service delivery.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes8 guidance points

    Carry out vegetation management in proximity to above ground utilities

    This element focuses on the safe execution of vegetation management tasks near overhead power lines and other above-ground utilities. Learners must apply health and safety legislation and industry best practice to prevent electrical hazards, service disruption, and personal injury. Practical application includes risk assessment, maintaining statutory clearance distances, and using appropriate tools and techniques to work safely in proximity to live services.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Understand and Plan Urban and Community Forestry Projects

    This topic covers understanding and planning urban and community forestry projects, including importance, management issues, public involvement, and project planning. Learners must demonstrate planning skills.

    City & Guilds Level 3 90-Credit Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture, City & Guilds Level 3 Extended Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture +1 more

    8 learning outcomes32 guidance points4 criteria

    Cultivate land by single digging or forking

    This topic covers how to cultivate land by single digging or forking, including knowledge of the process and practical application.

    City & Guilds Level 1 Certificate In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Diploma In Practical Horticulture Skills, City & Guilds Level 1 Award In Practical Horticulture Skills

    3 learning outcomes29 guidance points3 criteria

    Choker timber for extraction

    This element focuses on the safe and effective use of choker chains or strops to attach felled timber to an extraction cable, a fundamental skill in ground-based timber harvesting. Learners must demonstrate competence in preparing, attaching, and managing chokers while adhering to health and safety legislation and industry best practice to minimise risk during extraction.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma In Work-based Trees and Timber

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

    IT User Fundamentals

    This element equips floristry learners with essential IT competencies to support daily business operations, including order management, stock control, and customer communication. Mastery of information storage, retrieval, and security practices ensures data integrity and compliance with GDPR, while troubleshooting skills minimize downtime in a retail environment.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes7 guidance points

    Introduction to the Principles of Land-based Machinery

    This element introduces the fundamental operating principles of combustion engines and the essential maintenance practices required for safe, efficient use of land-based machinery in forestry and arboriculture. Learners gain practical skills in routine servicing, fault diagnosis, and adherence to manufacturer guidelines, ensuring machinery reliability and operator safety in the field.

    City & Guilds Level 2 Diploma in Forestry and Arboriculture

    5 learning outcomes10 guidance points

    Plan, assemble and evaluate diverse floral designs for weddings

    This element focuses on the comprehensive process of creating floral designs for weddings, from initial client consultation and design planning through safe assembly to critical evaluation. It requires integrating aesthetic principles with practical considerations such as environmental factors, health and safety, and regulatory compliance to deliver high-quality, bespoke wedding floristry.

    City & Guilds Level 3 Diploma in Work-based Floristry

    1 learning outcomes6 guidance points

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