Pest, disease and disorder identification — SEG Awards Occupational Qualification Horticulture & Land Management Revision
This element equips learners with the systematic skills to identify and manage tree pests, diseases, and abiotic disorders, underpinned by regulatory knowl
Topic Synopsis
This element equips learners with the systematic skills to identify and manage tree pests, diseases, and abiotic disorders, underpinned by regulatory knowledge and biosecurity principles. It encompasses investigative diagnostic techniques, fungal biology in wood decay, and the selection of appropriate integrated control measures for arboricultural practice.
Key Concepts & Core Principles
- Tree Biology and Physiology: Understanding the structure and function of trees, including photosynthesis, respiration, and water transport, is fundamental for diagnosing health issues and planning maintenance.
- Tree Identification: Accurate identification of tree species using key characteristics such as leaf shape, bark, and growth habit is essential for appropriate care and management decisions.
- Tree Planting and Establishment: Techniques for successful tree planting, including site selection, soil preparation, and aftercare, ensure long-term survival and growth.
- Tree Maintenance and Pruning: Knowledge of pruning methods, timing, and objectives (e.g., crown reduction, thinning) is critical for tree health, safety, and aesthetics.
- Health and Safety Legislation: Compliance with UK regulations such as the Health and Safety at Work Act and industry-specific guidance (e.g., Arboricultural Association's Code of Practice) is mandatory for safe arboricultural operations.
Exam Tips & Revision Strategies
- In practical assessments, conduct a methodical site inspection, record findings on a standardized form, and capture photographic evidence with scale references.
- When writing about treatments, always justify your choice by linking to the specific pest/disease biology, environmental impact, and current legislation.
- For fungal decay questions, connect visible signs (brackets, mycelium, cavities) to the decay type and its implications for mechanical stability, referencing the CODIT model.
- Demonstrate biosecurity awareness by detailing cleaning, disposal, and monitoring procedures for tools, vehicles, and personnel movement between sites.
Common Misconceptions & Mistakes to Avoid
- Confusing signs and symptoms, leading to misidentification—such as attributing drought stress to a pathogen due to similar leaf wilting.
- Neglecting abiotic disorders like soil compaction, root damage, or nutrient deficiencies as primary causes of tree decline.
- Overlooking the legal designation of notifiable pests and diseases, resulting in failure to report or implement quarantine measures.
- Assuming that all fungal conks indicate catastrophic structural failure without considering the tree’s compartmentalization response.
Examiner Marking Points
- Award credit for demonstrating a systematic approach to field investigation, including accurate symptom recognition, sampling, and differentiation between biotic and abiotic disorders using diagnostic keys.
- Credit should be given for applying current legislative frameworks (e.g., Plant Health Act, Forestry Act) and industry codes of practice in the selection of pest and disease control options.
- Expect evidence of understanding the CODIT model and fungal decay strategies (white rot, brown rot, soft rot) when assessing structural integrity and remedial treatments.
- Recognise effective integration of biosecurity protocols, such as tool sanitation and disposal of infected material, in case study responses.