Religious Studies A

    Pearson Edexcel
    GCSE

    Specification: 1RA0

    The PEARSON-EDEXCEL GCSE Religious Studies A specification covers 37 topics with 290 learning objectives (1RA0). Use the topic browser below to explore subtopics, exam tips, common mistakes, and key terminology for each area of the course.

    Starting Pearson Edexcel GCSE Religious Studies A this term? The whole specification is below, unit by unit.

    This subject will help you develop key knowledge and skills required for exam success.

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    290

    Objectives

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    About Pearson Edexcel GCSE Religious Studies A

    Pearson Edexcel GCSE Religious Studies A offers a dynamic and engaging exploration of the beliefs, teachings, and practices of major world religions, alongside contemporary ethical and philosophical issues. Students will study two religions in depth, chosen from Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, or Sikhism, and will also examine a range of thematic studies that connect these beliefs to real-world debates such as crime and punishment, peace and conflict, and relationships and families. The course encourages critical thinking, empathy, and the ability to construct well-reasoned arguments, making it an excellent foundation for further study in humanities and social sciences.

    The specification is structured into three areas of study: the study of a first religion, the study of a second religion, and a philosophical and ethical studies component. Each area is examined through a separate paper, allowing students to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding in a focused way. The course is designed to be accessible and inclusive, with clear content and assessment objectives that help students develop their analytical and evaluative skills. It is a popular choice for students who enjoy discussing big questions and want to understand the role of religion in today's world.

    Assessment Structure

    Pearson Edexcel GCSE Religious Studies A is assessed through three externally examined written papers, each worth 33.3% of the final grade. Paper 1 (Religion and Ethics) focuses on the first religion studied, Paper 2 (Religion and Ethics) covers the second religion, and Paper 3 (Philosophy and Ethics) examines philosophical and ethical themes. All papers are 1 hour and 45 minutes long and contain a mix of short-answer, extended-writing, and source-based questions. There is no coursework or controlled assessment. The total marks available across the three papers is 252 (84 marks per paper).

    Why Choose Pearson Edexcel?

    • Pearson Edexcel offers a clear and consistent assessment structure with three equally weighted papers, making it straightforward for students to plan their revision and understand exactly what is expected in each exam.
    • The specification includes a wide range of religion options, allowing students to study two faiths that interest them most, and the thematic approach helps connect beliefs to contemporary issues, which many students find more engaging and relevant.
    • Edexcel provides excellent support materials, including detailed textbooks, revision guides, and online resources, which are specifically tailored to the specification and help students prepare effectively for the exams.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Specification Topics

    37 topics

    Area of Study 2F: Judaism - Section 2: Practices

    2.5 The importance of ritual for Jews today: the nature, features and purpose of birth rituals (including Brit Milah), Bar and Bat Mitzvahs, and marriage rituals, including interpretations of Genesis 21:1–8 and Leviticus 12; the nature, purpose and importance of the mourning rituals of funeral, shiva, avelut and yahrzeit for Jews today; divergent understandings of the importance of each ritual for different forms of Orthodox and Reform Judaism today., 2.7 Jewish festivals: the nature, history, purpose and significance of Jewish festivals; the origins and meaning of specific festivals, including Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Pesach, Shavuot and Sukkot, including interpretations of Leviticus 23 (Rosh Hashanah); divergent understandings of why festivals are important to different forms of Orthodox and Reform Judaism today ., 2.1 The nature and purpose of Jewish public acts of worship: the nature, features and purpose of Jewish public worship, including interpretations of Psalm 116:12–19 ; the nature, features and importance of synagogue services for the Jewish community and the individual. +5 more

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    Area of Study 2C: Islam - Section 1: Beliefs and Teachings

    1.2 The Five Roots of ‘Usul ad-Din in Shi’a Islam: Tawhid (oneness of Allah); 'Adl (Divine Justice); Nubuwwah (Prophethood); Imamah (Successors to Muhammad) and Mi'ad (The Day of Judgment and the Resurrection); the nature, history and purpose of the Five Roots with reference to their Qur’anic basis, including Surah 112 (the oneness of Allah); the importance of these principles for different Shi’a communities today, including Sevener and Twelver., 1.5 Muslim holy books (Kutub) – the nature, history, significance and purpose of Muslim holy books with reference to: the Qur’an; the Tawrat (Torah), including Surah 5:43–48; the Zabur (Psalms), including Surah 4:163–171; the Injil (Gospel), including Surah 57:27; and the Sahifah (Scrolls). Divergent Muslim views about the importance of the holy books in their lives today., 1.8 Akhirah: Muslim teachings about life after death; the nature of judgement, paradise and hell; how they are shown in the Qur’an, including Surah 17:49–72; divergent ways in which Muslim teachings about life after death affect the life of a Muslim today. +5 more

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    Area of Study 1B: Christianity - Section 4: Forms of Expression and Ways of Life

    4.5 The meaning and significance of drama: mystery plays, passion plays. The way drama is used to express belief and events, including, for example Matthew 26–28, and the divergent ways in which drama may be used in church and other settings., 4.2 The divergent meaning, significance and purpose of icons within Christianity: specific reference to the use of icons within Orthodox Christianity and in denominations that may reject their use; the way icons are used to express belief and as a focus for devotion, and the divergent ways in which they may be used in church and other settings., 4.7 The nature and use of traditional styles of music in worship: hymns, psalms and worship songs; the way traditional styles of music are used to express belief, including examples such as Gregorian Chant and reference to Musicum Sacrum; the divergent ways in which they may be used in church and other settings, when each might be used and why. +5 more

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    Area of Study 2D: Buddhism - Section 2: Practices

    2.4 Features of Buddhist places of worship: the divergent nature, history and design of Buddhist places of worship, including temples, gompas, viharas and shrines in Theravada, Mahayana and Triratna Buddhism; how and why the places of worship are used, including reference to the shrine room, shrine facing east, and the library, showing the importance of learning, with reference to the Kimsila Sutta., 2.7 Death and mourning rituals and ceremonies: the divergent celebration and significance of the ceremonies in Buddhist communities and to Buddhists; the distinct significance of the rituals associated with death and mourning in Theravada communities and in Japan and Tibet, with reference to the Tibetan Book of the Dead., 2.8 Festivals and retreats: the divergent nature, history, purpose and importance of festivals and retreats in Buddhism; divergent understandings of the origins, meaning and features of celebration of specific festivals and retreats, including Wesak, Vassa/Rain Retreat and Kathina, with reference to the Anapanasati Sutta, and Uposatha days in Theravada Buddhism; Hanamatsuri and Obon (Japanese), Parinibbana Day in Mahayana Buddhism, and Lama Tsong Khapa Day in Tibet. +5 more

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    Area of Study 1C: Islam - Section 3: Sources of Wisdom and Authority

    3.6 Shari’ah Law: how it is agreed upon and the use of analogy (qiyas) and consensus (ijma), including interpretations of Surah 4:115; its divergence of use by the main schools of Sunni and Shi'a Islam; specific examples showing links between the Qur’an, Hadith, and Shari’ah; divergent understandings of the role and significance of judges (qadis) and scholars (the 'ulema) as sources of authority: the establishment of judges and scholars; examples of their rulings; the significance of authority within Islam today., 3.8 The imam in Sunni Islam: the origins, nature, role of the imam in Sunni Islam, including Sahih al-Bukhari 73:34–37; divergent understandings of their contribution to individual and community life in Sunni and Shi’a thought., 3.7 The Imam in Shi’a Islam, including reference to the Hadith of the pond of Khumm: history, major teachings and actions, divergent understandings of their contribution to Islam in Sunni and Shi’a thought, the doctrine of Nass, the Hidden Imam; the inerrancy and intercession of imams; the significance of the Imam for different forms of Shi’a Islam today. +5 more

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    Area of Study 1C: Islam - Section 2: Practices

    2.1 Ten Obligatory Acts of Shi’a Islam: their nature, history and purpose of the Ten Obligatory Acts; the diversity of practice and importance of Ten Obligatory Acts for Shi’a Muslims today; their basis in the Qur’an, including reference to Surah 9:71– 73; divergent understandings of these principles within Sunni Islam, including links with the Five Pillars., 2.6 Hajj as one of the Five Pillars: the nature, role, origins and significance of Hajj, including Surah 2:124–130 and 22:25–30; how Hajj is performed and why Hajj is important for Muslims; benefits and challenges of performing Hajj for Muslims., 2.8 The nature, origins, activities, meaning and significance of the celebration/ commemoration of Id-ul-Adha, with reference to Surah 37:77–111, and Id-ul-Fitr in Sunni Islam, with reference to their place within Shi’a Islam; and Id-ul-Ghadeer, with reference to Hadith and the interpretation of Surah 5:3, and Ashura in Shi’a Islam, with reference to their place within Sunni Islam. +5 more

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    Area of Study 3C: Islam - Section 2: Religious Teachings on Relationships and Families in the 21st Century

    2.8 Muslim teachings about gender prejudice and discrimination: Muslim attitudes to gender prejudice and discrimination, including Surah 33:35; examples of gender equality in action in Islam., 2.6 Muslim teaching about divorce: divergent Muslim beliefs, teachings and attitudes towards divorce and remarriage, including Surah 2:226–241 and the different rules for performing a divorce in Shi’a and Sunni Islam; different non-religious (including atheist and Humanist) attitudes to divorce and remarriage, i ncluding the application of ethical theories, such as situation ethics, and Muslim responses to them., 2.7 Muslim teaching about the equality of men and women in the family: divergent Muslim beliefs, teachings and attitudes about the role of men and women in the family with reference to the Qur’an, including Surah 4 and the time of Muhammad. +5 more

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    Area of Study 2E: Hinduism - Section 2: Practices

    2.8 Hindu charity work: the nature and purpose of charity for Hindus; Hindu teachings about charity; the work of one named Hindu charity working to promote wellbeing, social inclusion and women’s rights, what it does and why, including interpretations of Bhagavad Gita 3.10–12 ., 2.7 Hindu environmental projects: divergent understandings of the nature, purpose and significance of environmental care for Hindus; the importance of care for rivers and sacred places for Hindus; how Hindus care for the environment, examples of what they do and why, including reference to cow protection and including interpretations of Rig Veda 10.87.16–19., 2.1 The nature and purpose of Hindu yoga: the nature and purpose of different forms of yoga: karma yoga (action), jnana yoga (knowledge), astanga/raja yoga (meditation) and bhakti yoga (devotion); examples of when each form of yoga might be used, how and why; the importance of having different types of yoga; reference to Bhagavad Gita 6.44–47 . +5 more

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    Area of Study 2B: Christianity - Section 1: Beliefs and Teachings

    1.3 The Incarnation: the nature and importance of the person of Jesus Christ as the incarnate Son of God; the biblical basis of this teaching, including John 1:1–18 and 1 Timothy 3:16 and its significance for Christians today., 1.6 Christian eschatology: divergent Christian teachings about life after death, including the nature and significance of resurrection, judgement, heaven, and hell and purgatory, with reference to the 39 Articles of Religion and Catholic teachings; how beliefs about life after death are shown in the Bible, including reference to 2 Corinthians 5:1–10 and divergent understandings as to why they are important for Christians today., 1.8 Divergent solutions offered to the problem of evil/suffering and a loving and righteous God: biblical, theoretical and practical, including reference to Psalm 119, Job, free will, vale of soul-making, prayer, and charity; the success of solutions to the problem. +5 more

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    Area of Study 3C: Islam - Section 1: Arguments for the Existence of Allah

    1.3 Miracles as proof of the existence of Allah: the nature and importance of miracles in Islam; the Qur’an as a miracle, including Surah 17:84–89 ; examples of miracles; reasons why they might lead to belief in the existence of Allah; Muslim responses to non-religious arguments (including atheist and Humanist) which maintain that miracles can be scientifically explained and provide no proof that Allah exists; divergent understandings of what miracles show about the nature of Allah for Muslims., 1.2 Visions as proof of the existence of Allah: the nature and importance of visions in Islam; Qur’anic examples of visions, including Surah 19:16–22; reasons why they might lead to belief in the existence of Allah, and Muslim responses to non-religious arguments (including atheist and Humanist) which maintain that visions are hallucinations and provide no proof that Allah exists; divergent understandings of what visions show about the nature of Allah for Muslims, with reference to Sunni, Shi’a and Sufi Islam., 1.4 Muslim attitudes towards religious experiences and their use as philosophical arguments for the existence of Allah: the nature of a religious experience; Surah 2:118; divergent understandings of the nature and importance of religious experiences in Islam, with reference to Sunni, Shi’a and Sufi Islam; Muslim responses to non-religious (including atheist and Humanist) arguments that religious experiences do not provide proof that Allah exists. +5 more

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    Area of Study 1B: Christianity - Section 3: Sources of Wisdom and Authority

    3.7 Leaders and leadership in the Church: the laity, ministers (priests/vicars/pastors), bishops and the pope; the roles and significance of each, including Ephesians 4:11–12 and Lumen Gentium Chapters 4 and 5; divergent ways in which the leaders support and interact with one another in different denominations; divergent understandings of the importance of each of these leaders in different Christian traditions., 3.4 Jesus as the Word of God, including John 1 and a role model: beliefs and teachings about Jesus as the Word of God; divergent understandings of his role in modelling practices, including Mark 8:34–38; the divergent implications of Jesus’ example in showing love for others, forgiveness, servanthood, reconciliation and social justice, and in establishing the Kingdom of God, the significance of these beliefs for Christians today., 3.5 The Church as the Body of Christ: understandings of the significance of the Church as the Body of Christ and the People of God; the nature of the Church as the Body of Christ, including Romans 12:4–6 and 1 Corinthians 12; divergent ways in which this belief is important for Christians today, including in understanding the nature of the growth and diversity of the Church. +5 more

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    Area of Study 2D: Buddhism - Section 1: Beliefs and Teachings

    1.2 Dhamma: the nature and different meaning of dhamma ( dependent origination /conditionality) ; the nature and importance of paticca-samuppada and the Three Marks of Existence, including reference to the Story of Nagasena and the Chariot in the Milinda Panha; suffering (dukkha), no fixed self (anicca) and soul or essence (anatta); the implications of belief in dhamma for Buddhists today., 1.6 Fourth Noble Truth, including reference to the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta: the nature of the Middle Way (magga); Buddhist teachings about the Eightfold Path leading to nibbana. The Threefold Way: the nature, purpose and importance of sila (ethics), samadhi (meditation) and panna (wisdom); divergent understandings of the importance Eightfold Path and the Threefold Way for Buddhist life today., 1.8 Buddhist ethical teachings: divergent Buddhist understandings of the nature, purpose and importance of kamma, including Dhammapada 181–187 and the Khuddakapatha , merit and rebirth, karuna (compassion), metta (loving kindness), pancha sila (the Five Precepts) and the paramitas (Six Perfections); the divergent applications of each of these ethical teachings in Buddhist life today. +5 more

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    Area of Study 2B: Christianity - Section 2: Practices

    2.4 Pilgrimage: the nature, history and purpose of pilgrimage, including interpretations of Luke 2:41–43; the significance of the places people go on pilgrimage; divergent Christian teachings about whether pilgrimage is important for Christians today, with specific reference to Catholic and Protestant understandings; the activities associated with, and significance of, Jerusalem, Iona, Taize and Walsingham., 2.5 Christian religious celebrations: the nature and history of Christian festivals in the church year, including Christmas and Easter; the significance of celebrating Advent and Christmas; the significance of celebrating Holy Week and Easter, with reference to interpretations of 1 Corinthians 15:12–34., 2.7 The role and importance of the local church in the local community: how and why it helps the individual believer and the local area; local parish activities, including interpretations of 1 Peter 5:1–4, ecumenism, outreach work, the centre of Christian identity and worship through living practices. +5 more

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    Area of Study 1B: Christianity - Section 1: Beliefs and Teachings

    1.3 The Incarnation: the nature and importance of the person of Jesus Christ as the incarnate Son of God; the biblical basis of this teaching, including John 1:1–18 and 1 Timothy 3:16 and its significance for Christians today., 1.8 Divergent solutions offered to the problem of evil/suffering and a loving and righteous God: biblical, theoretical and practical, including reference to Psalm 119, Job, free will, vale of soul-making, prayer, and charity; the success of solutions to the problem., 1.1 The Trinity: the nature and significance of the Trinity as expressed in the Nicene Creed; the nature and significance of the oneness of God; the nature and significance of each of the Persons individually, including reference to Matthew 3:13–17; how this is reflected in Christian worship and belief today. +5 more

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    Area of Study 2G: Sikhism - Section 1: Beliefs and Teachings

    1.4 Sikh beliefs about life after death: the nature of karma, rebirth and mukti (liberation); how they are shown in the Guru Granth Sahib, including reference to Guru Granth Sahib 2 and 78; divergent understandings of how and why karma, rebirth and mukti are important for Sikh life today., 1.6 The oneness of humanity: how the equality of all humans is shown in the Guru Granth Sahib, including Guru Granth Sahib 349; how equality is shown in stories from the lives of the Gurus, including the example of Mai Bhago and the appointment of women as teachers; and how equality is shown in Sikh life today; how and why complete equality of men and women is important for Sikhs today., 1.8 Sangat: the nature and history of the sangat; divergent understandings of why the sangat is important for Sikhs, including Guru Granth Sahib 1316; the concept of Sat Sangat and divergent understandings of its significance for Sikhs; problems for Sikhs living without a sangat. +5 more

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    Area of Study 2G: Sikhism - Section 2: Practices

    2.5 Prayer, including reference to Guru Granth Sahib 305: the nature, role and purpose of prayer in the home; the different types of prayer; when prayer might take place and why; the importance of having different prayers., 2.8 Birth and naming rituals and ceremonies: the celebration and significance of Naam Karan and Hukamnama; the significance of Amrit Sanskar (the initiation ceremony) for Sikh families, including reference to the Rahit Maryada Chapters 11 and 13; divergent understandings of these ceremonies between khalsa and non-khalsa Sikhs; the significance of the names Singh and Kaur in the naming and Amrit ceremonies, and for Sikh identity today., 2.1 Features of the gurdwara: the nature, history and purpose of the design of the Gurdwara as the ‘Door/Gate of the Guru’, including Rahit Maryada Chapters 4–6; how and why objects of devotion are used within the gurdwara: Guru Granth Sahib, takht, chanani, chaur, the langar hall, four doors, and the Nishan Sahib; divergent understandings of the importance of these features in Sikh life today. +5 more

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    Area of Study 1A: Catholic Christianity - Section 4: Forms of Expression and Ways of Life

    4.2 The different internal features of a Catholic church, including reference to Catechism of the Catholic Church 1182–1186: the meaning and significance of the lectern, altar, crucifix and tabernacle and how they express the importance of redemption and facilitate Catholic worship., 4.8 The nature and use of traditional and contemporary styles of music in worship: hymns, plainchant, psalms and worship songs, including reference to Catechism of the Catholic Church 2641; the way different music is used to express belief and the divergent ways in which it may be used in church (including the Mass) and other settings., 4.7 The meaning and significance of drama: mystery plays, passion plays; the way drama is used to express belief with reference to Catechism of the Catholic Church 2567, and the divergent ways in which drama may be used in church and other settings. +5 more

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    Area of Study 1A: Catholic Christianity - Section 1: Beliefs and Teachings

    1.6 The events in the Paschal Mystery: Catholic teachings about the life, death, resurrection and ascension of Jesus, including reference to Luke 24 ; the redemptive efficacy of these events and their significance for Catholics today., 1.7 The significance of the life, death, resurrection and ascension of Jesus for Catholic beliefs about salvation and grace, including John 3:10–21 and Acts 4:8–12; the implications and significance of these events for Catholic practice today., 1.5 The Incarnation: Jesus as incarnate Son, the divine Word, both fully God and fully human; the scriptural origins of this belief, including John 1:1–18 and its importance for Catholics today. +5 more

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    Area of Study 3A: Catholic Christianity - Section 1: Arguments for the Existence of God

    1.6 Cosmological argument: the cosmological argument for the existence of God and its use by Catholics as a philosophical argument for the existence of God, including reference to Thomas Aquinas' First Three Ways of showing God's existence; understandings of the nature and importance of what the cosmological argument shows about the nature of God for Catholics; Catholic responses to non-religious (including atheist and Humanist) arguments against the cosmological argument as evidence for the existence of God., 1.1 Revelation as proof of the existence of God: the significance of Jesus Christ as the culmination of God’s revelation; what the revelation of Jesus Christ shows about the nature of God for Catholics, including reference to Hebrews 1:1–4 ., 1.3 Miracles as proof of the existence of God: the nature and importance of miracles for Catholics; biblical and non-biblical examples of miracles, including those at Lourdes and John 4:43–54; reasons why they might lead to belief in God and Catholic responses to non-religious arguments (including atheist and Humanist) which maintain that miracles can be scientifically explained and provide no proof that God exists. +5 more

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    Area of Study 2F: Judaism - Section 1: Beliefs and Teachings

    1.3 The nature and purpose of the Messiah: how messiahship is shown in the scriptures, including Jeremiah 23:5–8 ; the nature and significance of the Messianic Age and the Jewish responsibility to bring it about; divergent understandings of the Messiah in different forms of Orthodox and Reform Judaism and the importance of them for Jewish people today., 1.5 The Covenant at Sinai: the nature and history of the Covenant at Sinai (the Ten Commandments), including Exodus 20 ; the role and significance of Moses in the Covenant at Sinai; divergent understandings of how and why the Decalogue is important in Jewish life today., 1.7 Moral principles and the Mitzvot: the nature and importance of the Mitzvot, including reference to the Mishneh Torah of Maimonides: Sefer Madda ; the importance of the relationship between keeping the Mitzvot and free will; the Mitzvot between humans and the Almighty, and between humans; divergent understandings of the importance of the Mitzvot between the Almighty and humans, and between humans, for Jewish life today. +5 more

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    Area of Study 2E: Hinduism - Section 1: Beliefs and Teachings

    1.5 The nature of the individual and life within Hinduism: the nature and importance of the atman (eternal self), karma, the cycle of samsara, moksha; divergent Hindu understandings of the nature of the individual and life, including interpretations of Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 4.4 ; why beliefs about the atman, karma, samsara and moksha are important for Hindus today., 1.4 Manifestations of the Divine: the nature and importance of how the deities are shown in Hindu scriptures; avatars and murti; the nature and role of male deities: divergent understandings of the importance of Vishnu (including Rig Veda 1.22) and Shiva; the nature and role of the female force, Shakti, including Parvati and Lakshmi., 1.7 Hindu responses to suffering, knowledge and ignorance: Hindu teachings about suffering, knowledge and ignorance, such as ahimsa, respect, empathy, mind/ sense control, humility, and love, including Mahabharata 5.39; divergent Hindu understandings as to why there is suffering, knowledge and ignorance for Hindus today. +5 more

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    Area of Study 2A: Catholic Christianity - Section 1: Beliefs and Teachings

    1.6 The events in the Paschal Mystery: Catholic teachings about the life, death, resurrection and ascension of Jesus, including reference to Luke 24 ; the redemptive efficacy of these events and their significance for Catholics today., 1.2 Biblical understandings of God as a Trinity of Persons: the nature and significance of God as a Trinity of Persons, including reference to the baptism of Jesus (Matthew 3:13–17); the historical development of the doctrine of the Trinity, including reference to the First Council of Nicaea and the First Council of Constantinople., 1.4 The significance of the Creation account in understanding the nature of humanity: the nature and significance of the nature of humanity being created in the image of God, including reference to Genesis 1–3 and divergent understandings of humanity’s relationship with Creation (dominion and stewardship); the implications of these beliefs for Catholics today. +5 more

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    Area of Study 3B: Christianity - Section 1: Arguments for the Existence of God

    1.4 Christian attitudes towards religious experiences and their use as a philosophical argument for the existence of God: the nature of a religious experience and why it might be regarded as revelation, including reference to Exodus 3; Christian responses to non-religious (including atheist and Humanist) arguments that religious experiences do not provide proof that God exists ., 1.3 Miracles as proof of the existence of God: the nature and importance of miracles for Christians; biblical examples of miracles, including John 4:43 – 54; reasons why they might lead to belief in the existence of God and Christian responses to non- religious arguments (including atheist and Humanist) which maintain that miracles can be scientifically explained and provide no proof that God exists ; divergent understandings of what miracles show about the nature of God for Christians., 1.7 Cosmological argument: the cosmological argument for the existence of God and its use by Christians as a philosophical argument for the existence of God; divergent understandings about what the cosmological argument shows about the nature of God for Christians, including Thomas Aquinas' First Three Ways of showing God's existence ; Christian responses to non-religious (including atheist and Humanist) arguments against the cosmological argument as evidence for the existence of God. +5 more

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    Area of Study 1A: Catholic Christianity - Section 2: Practices

    2.2 Liturgical worship within Catholic Christianity: the nature and significance of the Mass for Catholics, including its structure and the Eucharist as the ‘source and summit of Christian life’, with reference to Lumen Gentium paragraph 7 ; divergent Christian attitudes towards the practice and meaning of liturgical worship, including its significance for Catholics and the less structured worship in evangelical Christian denominations., 2.5 The role and importance of forms of popular piety : the nature and significance of the Rosary, Eucharistic adoration and Stations of the Cross; how each of these might be used and why; the importance of having different types of worship for Catholics, including reference to Catechism of the Catholic Church 1674–1676; divergent Christian attitudes to these forms of piety ., 2.4 Prayer as the ‘raising of hearts and minds to God’: the nature and significance of different types of prayer; the Lord’s Prayer, including Matthew 6:5–14, set (formulaic) prayers and informal (extempore) prayer; when each type might be used and why; the importance of prayer and the importance for Catholics of having different types of worship. +5 more

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    Area of Study 4A: Mark’s Gospel - Section 2: The Nature of Discipleship

    2.1 The call of the first disciples (Mark 1:14–20, 2:13–17): how this shows the nature of discipleship in showing the willingness to immediately follow Jesus regardless of consequence and how this might affect a Christian today; the sending out of the Twelve (Mark 6:7–13), how this shows the nature of discipleship, including the command to take nothing for the journey and the responsibility to preach and serve; divergent ways in which it affects ideas about Christian living today., 2.2 Parables: the Parable of the Tenants (Mark 12:1–12): how this story shows the potential cost of discipleship in and its relationship to Christians today; the Parable of the Sower (Mark 4:1–20), how each group shows different types of Christians; the nature of discipleship as shown in each group and in the role of the sower; its significance for Christians today; the importance of these parables with reference to the Kingdom of God and divergent ways in which that is variously understood as realised and in the future., 2.6 Peter’s denial (Mark 14:66–72): the challenges that the denial brings and what it teaches about the problems of discipleship, and its significance for Christians today as an example and warning; Christian responses to non-religious arguments (including atheist and Humanist) which suggest that religious observance, such as discipleship, can be seen to be unnecessary . +5 more

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    Area of Study 1C: Islam - Section 1: Beliefs and Teachings

    1.5 Muslim holy books (Kutub) – the nature, history, significance and purpose of Muslim holy books with reference to: the Qur’an; the Tawrat (Torah), including Surah 5:43–48; the Zabur (Psalms), including Surah 4:163–171; the Injil (Gospel), including Surah 57:27; and the Sahifah (Scrolls). Divergent Muslim views about the importance of the holy books in their lives today., 1.7 al-Qadr: the nature and importance of Predestination for Muslims; how al-Qadr and human freedom relates to the Day of Judgement, including reference to Sahih al-Bukhari 78:685; divergent understandings of predestination in Sunni and Shi’a Islam; the implications of belief in al-Qadr for Muslims today., 1.1 The Six Beliefs of Islam: their nature, history and purpose, including Kitab al-iman 1:4; how they are understood and expressed in Sunni and Shi’a Muslim communities today; the importance of these principles for Muslims. +5 more

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    Area of Study 1B: Christianity - Section 2: Practices

    2.4 Pilgrimage: the nature, history and purpose of pilgrimage, including interpretations of Luke 2:41–43; the significance of the places people go on pilgrimage; divergent Christian teachings about whether pilgrimage is important for Christians today, with specific reference to Catholic and Protestant understandings; the activities associated with, and significance of, Jerusalem, Iona, Taize and Walsingham., 2.5 Christian religious celebrations: the nature and history of Christian festivals in the church year, including Christmas and Easter; the significance of celebrating Advent and Christmas; the significance of celebrating Holy Week and Easter, with reference to interpretations of 1 Corinthians 15:12–34., 2.8 The role and importance of the Church in the worldwide community: how and why it works for reconciliation and the problems faced by the persecuted Church; divergent Christian responses to teachings about charity, including 1 Corinthians 13 and Matthew 25:31–46; the work of Christian Aid, what it does and why. +5 more

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    Area of Study 1A: Catholic Christianity - Section 3: Sources of Wisdom and Authority

    3.6 The meaning of the four marks of the Church: the nature of the Church as one, holy, catholic and apostolic, including reference to the Nicene Creed and the First Council of Constantinople; how the marks may be understood in divergent ways within Christianity; why they are important for Catholics today., 3.8 Sources of personal and ethical decision making: the example and teaching of Jesus as the authoritative source for moral teaching; Jesus as fulfilment of the Law, including Matthew 5:17–24; divergent understandings of the place and authority of natural law; virtue and the primacy of conscience; the divergent implications of these sources of authority for Christians today., 3.5 The Church as the Body of Christ and the People of God: the nature and significance of the Church as the Body of Christ and the People of God, including Romans 12:4–6 and 1 Corinthians 12; why the Church as the Body of Christ and the People of God is important for Catholics today; divergent Christian attitudes towards these . +5 more

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    Area of Study 4A: Mark’s Gospel - Section 1: Who is Jesus?

    1.5 Peter’s confession at Caesarea Philippi (Mark 8:27–33): what this shows about Jesus and his purpose; ideas about the Messianic secret in Mark’s Gospel., 1.3 Nature miracles in Mark’s Gospel: what they show about Jesus, including the calming of the storm (Mark 4:35–41); the feeding of the five thousand (Mark 6:32–44) and the walking on the water (Mark 6:45–52) and divergent understandings of their significance for different Christians today; Christian responses to non-religious arguments (including atheist and Humanist) which maintain that miracles can be scientifically explained and provide no proof of Jesus as divine., 1.7 The conflicts of Jesus in Mark’s Gospel: the healing of the paralysed man (Mark 2:1–12); disagreements about the Sabbath (Mark 2:23–3:6) and their link with Old Testament understandings of the Sabbath; and the cleansing of the Temple (Mark 11:15–18), what these show about Jesus and why they might be important in the narrative of Mark’s Gospel. +5 more

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    Area of Study 2C: Islam - Section 2: Practices

    2.5 Zakah as one of the Five Pillars and Khums: the nature, role, significance and purpose of Zakah and Khums, including Surah 9:58–60 and 8:36–42; why Zakah is important for Sunni Muslims; why Khums is important for Shi’a Muslims; the benefits of receiving Zakah or Khums., 2.2 Shahadah as one of the Five Pillars: the nature, role and significance of Shahadah for Sunni and Shi’a Muslims, including reference to Surah 3:17–21; why reciting Shahadah is important for Muslims, and its place in Muslim practice today., 2.6 Hajj as one of the Five Pillars: the nature, role, origins and significance of Hajj, including Surah 2:124–130 and 22:25–30; how Hajj is performed and why Hajj is important for Muslims; benefits and challenges of performing Hajj for Muslims. +5 more

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    Area of Study 4B: The Qur’an - Section 2: Lives of the Prophets and Others

    2.3 The Prophet Ismail: the events of his life and teachings in the Qur’an, including Surah 21:5–86; his importance as a messenger of Allah; his building of the Ka’ba (Surah 2:127–129); his relationship with his parents; and the command of Allah for him to be sacrificed and comparison of this story with the Tawrat ; the significance of his example for Muslims today., 2.8 Beliefs and teachings about Muhammad and his preaching of Islam in response to the command of Allah (Surah 26:213–217) and its significance for Muslims today: the divergent ways in which Muslims might interpret the command to invite others to submission to Allah; Muslim responses to non-religious arguments (including atheist and Humanist) which suggest that trying to convert other people in today’s society is wrong ., 2.6 Maryam: the events of her life in the Qur’an and in the Hadith, including Surah 19 (Maryam); her importance as one who submits her will to Allah; her birth; childhood; the annunciation of her pregnancy; and the birth of Isa; the significance of her example for Muslims today; Muslim responses to non-religious arguments (including atheist and Humanist) which maintain that visions, such as the visitation of Jibril to Maryam, are not real and provide no proof that Allah exists . +5 more

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    Area of Study 4B: The Qur’an - Section 1: Beliefs and Teachings of Islam

    1.4 The nature of believers in Surah al-Baqarah (2): how believers are described; the blessings that come through belief; how non-believers are described; understandings of the significance of these passages for different Muslims today., 1.5 Creation (Surah 45:3–5; 21:30; 41:11; 21:33; 51:47; 7:54; 50:38; 57:4; 71:13–17; 24:45): the events of creation; the role of Allah and humanity in the narrative; the role of humanity as vicegerent/khalifah (Surah 2:30–39); as being above the angels; the significance of these beliefs for Muslims today., 1.8 Shari’ah law: how the Qur’an is used as the basis for Shari’ah law (Surah 4:59–60 and 33:21–36) with examples expressed in the life of Muslims today; and how Shari’ah law might be understood in divergent ways in different traditions of Islam; Muslim responses to non-religious arguments (including atheist and Humanist) which suggest that religious observance, such as following Shari’ah, can be seen to be unnecessary . +5 more

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    Area of Study 1C: Islam - Section 4: Forms of Expression and Ways of Life

    4.4 Shi’a obligatory actions: understandings and implications of encouraging others to do good (Amr bil Maruf), including Surah 42:23–26; discouraging others from doing bad (Nahy Anil Munkar), Tawallah and Tabarra; love for the Prophet Muhammad and his family and disdain for their enemies; divergent understandings of their importance for Muslims in different traditions of Islam today., 4.6 The role and significance of a Sheikh/teacher in Sufism: divergent understandings of the importance of a relationship with a teacher, the purpose of the teacher; the history, teachings and contributions of teachers: al-Ghazali, such as in his work Revival of Religious Sciences , outlining the Qur’anic basis of Sufism, ibn al-‘Arabi and Rabi‘a al-‘Adawiyya., 4.5 The significance of Sufi ways of life: the origins of Sufism, orders, saints, and practice today. Sufi practices of fasting, and dhikr (remembrance) with reference to Surah 13:28: the nature, history, importance and purpose of fasting and dhikr and divergent understandings of their importance for Muslims today. +5 more

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    Area of Study 2A: Catholic Christianity - Section 2: Practices

    2.8 Catholic mission and evangelism: the history and significance of mission and evangelism for Catholics; divergent ways this is put into practice by the Church and individual Catholics locally, nationally and globally, and how this fulfils the commission of Jesus and teachings of the Church, including Evangelii Gaudium Chapter 5., 2.1 The sacramental nature of reality: Catholic teachings about how the whole of creation manifests the presence of God; the meaning and effects of each of the seven sacraments, including Catechism of the Catholic Church 1210–1211; the practice and symbolism of each sacrament; how sacraments communicate the grace of God; divergent Christian attitudes to sacraments, including reference to Orthodox and Protestant Christianity., 2.7 Catholic Social Teaching: how Catholic Social Teaching reflects the teaching to show love of neighbour; Catholic teaching on justice, peace and reconciliation Evangelii Gaudium paragraphs 182–237 – The inclusion of the poor in society; how these teachings might be reflected in the lives of individual Catholics, including reference to Matthew 25:31–46 (the Parable of the Sheep and Goats; the work of CAFOD, what it does and why. +5 more

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    Area of Study 3B: Christianity - Section 2: Religious Teachings on Relationships and Families in the 21st Century

    2.7 Christian teaching about the equality of men and women in the family: Christian teachings and attitudes about the role of men and women in the family, including reference to Genesis 1–3 and Ephesians 5:21–30; divergent Christian attitudes about the equality and role of men and women in the family and Christian responses to them., 2.8 Christian teachings about gender prejudice and discrimination: Christian opposition to gender prejudice and discrimination, including Galatians 3:23–29; examples of Christian opposition to gender prejudice and discrimination; divergent Christian attitudes to gender differences, including the role of women in the Church, prejudice and discrimination and Christian responses to them., 2.1 The importance and purpose of marriage for Christians: Christian teachings about the significance of marriage in Christian life; the purpose of marriage for Christians, including Mark 10:6–9; divergent Christian and non-religious (including atheist and Humanist) attitudes to the importance of marriage in society, including the sanctity of marriage, a lack of importance, cohabitation and Christian responses to these attitudes. +5 more

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    Area of Study 3A: Catholic Christianity - Section 2: Religious Teachings on Relationships and Families in the 21st Century

    2.8 Catholic teachings about gender prejudice and discrimination: Catholic opposition to gender prejudice and discrimination, including theology of the body; examples of Catholic opposition to gender prejudice and discrimination, including Catechism of the Catholic Church 1938; divergent Christian attitudes to gender differences, including the role of women in the Church, prejudice and discrimination and Catholic responses to them., 2.3 Catholic teaching about the purpose and importance of families: procreation; security and education of children; Catholic responses to the different types of family within 21st-century society (nuclear, single parent, same-sex parents, extended and blended families), including Familiaris Consortio 36–85., 2.7 Catholic teaching about the equality of men and women in the family: Catholic teaching about the role of men and women in the family with reference to Catechism of the Catholic Church 2207, including the dignity of work within the home; divergent Christian teachings and attitudes about the equality and roles of men and women in the family and Catholic responses to them. +5 more

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    Assessment Objectives

    AO2: Analyse and evaluate aspects of religion and belief, including their significance and influence., AO1: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of religion and belief, including: beliefs, practices and sources of authority, influence on individuals, communities and societies, similarities and differences within and/or between religions and beliefs.

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