permanent dipole-dipole forces
What permanent dipole-dipole forces means in Chemistry A-Level, as defined for AQA.
Definitions of permanent dipole-dipole forces
Exam boards and our study guides word this term in slightly different ways. Learn the version your board uses.
Check what you remember
Read the wording for your board, then hide it and explain permanent dipole-dipole forces in your own words. Rough notes are fine. This is a self-check, with no mark or grade.
Reference: AQA
Act in addition wherever the molecule has a permanent dipole, with the δ⁺ of one molecule attracted to the δ⁻ of the next.
Forces arising because the C=O makes the molecule polar, and these are the forces present between ester molecules.
Attractions arising from the polar C=O, present in both families of condensation polymer.
Topics that use permanent dipole-dipole forces
- Carboxylic acids and esters (A-level only) (AQA A-Level)
- Condensation polymers (A-level only) (AQA A-Level)
- Forces between molecules (AQA A-Level)
Related terms
- acid catalysis
- alkyl alkanoate naming
- amino acid self-condensation
- anomalous boiling points
- branching and contact area
- carboxyl group
- comparing force strengths
- Condensation polymerisation
Using permanent dipole-dipole forces in the exam
Check the command word and mark scheme for your exact question. After comparing your explanation with the reference, use the term in an answer on the linked topic. This practice does not predict an exam mark.
Practise Chemistry questions
Create a free account to answer exam-style questions on this topic and get feedback on your answers.
A week of Premium from your first lesson · Then the free plan continues · No card, no charge