Combined Science GCSE
Full outer shells
What Full outer shells means in Combined Science GCSE, as defined for AQA.
Definition of Full outer shells
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Reference: AQA
The arrangement each atom reaches by pairing electrons, with two outer-shell electrons for hydrogen and eight for carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and chlorine.
Topics that use Full outer shells
- Covalent bonding (AQA GCSE)
Related terms
- Ball and stick models
- Counting atoms in models
- Covalent bonding as shared pairs of electrons
- Displayed formulae
- Dot-and-cross diagrams
- Electrical conductivity
- Fragments of giant covalent structures
- Giant covalent structures
Using Full outer shells in the exam
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