Skip to content
    Mathematics A-Level

    Completing the square

    What Completing the square means in Mathematics A-Level, as defined for AQA, Pearson Edexcel, WJEC.

    Definitions of Completing the square

    Exam boards and our study guides word this term in slightly different ways. Learn the version your board uses.

    Check what you remember

    Read the wording for your board, then hide it and explain Completing the square in your own words. Rough notes are fine. This is a self-check, with no mark or grade.

    Reference: Pearson Edexcel

    Writing ax² + bx + c as a(x + p)² + q, which gives the minimum or maximum value q at x = −p and the line of symmetry x = −p.
    Pearson Edexcel · Algebra and functions (study guide)
    Used in x and in y to convert a general circle equation into centre-radius form, recovering the centre and radius.
    Pearson Edexcel · Coordinate geometry in the (x, y) plane (study guide)
    A method used to rewrite an expanded circle equation in standard form so the centre and radius can be found.
    AQA · C: Coordinate geometry in the (x, y) plane (study guide)
    Rewrites a quadratic expression ax² + bx + c into the canonical form a(x + p)² + q.
    WJEC · Algebra and Functions (AS Unit 1: Pure Mathematics A)
    Rewriting ax²+bx+c as a(x+p)²+q, which reveals the vertex and enables solution.
    AQA · B: Algebra and functions (study guide)

    Topics that use Completing the square

    Related terms

    Using Completing the square in the exam

    Check the command word and mark scheme for your exact question. After comparing your explanation with the reference, use the term in an answer on the linked topic. This practice does not predict an exam mark.

    Practise Mathematics questions

    Create a free account to answer exam-style questions on this topic and get feedback on your answers.

    Start free

    A week of Premium from your first lesson · Then the free plan continues · No card, no charge

    All Mathematics A-Level terms