orthogonal components
What orthogonal components means in Mathematics A-Level, as defined for WJEC.
Definitions of orthogonal components
Exam boards and our study guides word this term in slightly different ways. Learn the version your board uses.
Check what you remember
Read the wording for your board, then hide it and explain orthogonal components in your own words. Rough notes are fine. This is a self-check, with no mark or grade.
Reference: WJEC
Force and velocity vectors are resolved into orthogonal components using trigonometric functions, such as projectile velocities resolving into horizontal u cos θ and vertical u sin θ.
Two equivalent perpendicular forces that replace a single vector and produce the identical mechanical effect.
Topics that use orthogonal components
- Forces and Newton’s laws (A2 Unit 4: Applied Mathematics B) (WJEC A-Level)
- Trigonometry (A2 Unit 4: Applied Mathematics B) (WJEC A-Level)
Related terms
- 2D Newton's second law
- 2D particle dynamics
- coefficient of friction
- Coulomb friction model
- equation of motion
- equations of motion
- impending slip
- inclined plane dynamics
Using orthogonal components in the exam
Check the command word and mark scheme for your exact question. After comparing your explanation with the reference, use the term in an answer on the linked topic. This practice does not predict an exam mark.
Practise Mathematics questions
Create a free account to answer exam-style questions on this topic and get feedback on your answers.
A week of Premium from your first lesson · Then the free plan continues · No card, no charge