Support young people who are looked after or are leaving care

    PEARSON EDUCATION LTD
    Vocational

    This subtopic examines the unique challenges and transitions experienced by young people in care or leaving care, including instability, attachment difficulties, and mental health needs. It enables practitioners to implement effective support strategies grounded in statutory guidance, such as pathway planning and personal advisers, to ensure positive outcomes and uphold children's rights.

    1
    Learning Outcomes
    3
    Assessment Guidance
    3
    Key Skills
    1
    Key Terms
    3
    Assessment Criteria

    Assessment criteria

    Pearson Edexcel Level 3 Diploma for the Children and Young People's Workforce

    Quick Revision Summary (Key Takeaway)

    The Pearson Edexcel Level 3 Diploma for the Children and Young People's Workforce is a vocational qualification for those working in childcare and early years settings. It covers child development, safeguarding, and professional practice, preparing learners for roles such as early years educator or childminder.

    Topic Overview

    The Pearson Edexcel Level 3 Diploma for the Children and Young People's Workforce is designed for individuals working in early years settings, such as nurseries, preschools, and childminding. It covers essential knowledge and skills for supporting children's development, safeguarding, and promoting positive outcomes. The qualification is regulated by Ofqual and meets the requirements for the Early Years Educator (EYE) status, enabling practitioners to count in staff-to-child ratios.

    The curriculum includes units on child development from birth to 19 years, safeguarding and welfare, supporting play and learning, and partnership working with families and other professionals. It emphasises a holistic approach, considering the physical, cognitive, social, and emotional needs of children. Learners are assessed through a combination of written assignments, professional discussions, and observations of practice in real settings.

    This qualification is crucial for those seeking a career in early years, as it provides the theoretical underpinning and practical competence required to deliver high-quality care and education. It also prepares learners for further study, such as a foundation degree in early childhood studies or a teaching qualification.

    Key Concepts

    Core ideas you must understand for this topic

    • Holistic development: understanding that all areas of development (physical, cognitive, social, emotional) are interconnected.
    • Safeguarding: protecting children from abuse and neglect, and promoting their welfare.
    • The Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS): the statutory framework for learning, development, and care for children from birth to five.
    • Observation, assessment, and planning: the cycle used to understand children's needs and plan next steps.
    • Partnership working: collaborating with parents, carers, and other professionals to support children's well-being.

    Learning Objectives

    What you need to know and understand

    • Understand the issues affecting young people who are looked after or leaving care, Understand how to support young people who are looked after or leaving care, Know about the statutory and legal frameworks in relation to young people who are looked after or leaving care

    Assessment Criteria

    Key criteria assessors look for in your portfolio

    • Award credit for demonstrating a clear understanding of the impact of early trauma, disrupted attachments, and multiple placements on a young person's development and emotional well-being.
    • Award credit for accurately describing the legal entitlements and statutory processes, including the role of the local authority as corporate parent and the requirements of the Children Act 1989 and Children (Leaving Care) Act 2000.
    • Award credit for explaining the importance of co-produced pathway plans that involve the young person, advocate, and multi-agency professionals, with SMART goals spanning education, health, identity, and life skills.

    Assessment Guidance

    Guidance for achieving higher grades

    • 💡In assignments, always reference key legislation (e.g. Care Planning, Placement and Case Review Regulations) and guidance to substantiate your practice recommendations.
    • 💡Use a strengths-based, person-centred approach when describing support interventions, emphasising the young person's voice, choice, and participation in decision-making.
    • 💡Link theoretical frameworks such as resilience theory and attachment theory to practical strategies for promoting stability and well-being.
    • 💡Use specific terminology from the specification, such as 'holistic development', 'scaffolding', and 'attachment theory', to demonstrate depth of knowledge.
    • 💡Always link theory to practice. When discussing a concept, give a practical example from a real early years setting.
    • 💡Read the question carefully and identify the command word (e.g., 'explain', 'evaluate') to structure your answer appropriately.

    Common Mistakes

    Common errors to avoid in your coursework

    • Confusing the terms 'looked after', 'care leaver', 'relevant child', and 'eligible child' under the Children Act 1989, leading to misapplication of statutory duties.
    • Overlooking the significance of continuity of relationships and the role of a personal adviser, instead focusing solely on practical arrangements like accommodation.
    • Assuming all care leavers transition at 18 without recognising extending care up to 21 or 25 for those in education/training, as per the Children and Social Work Act 2017.
    • Misconception: 'Play is just for fun and not educational.' Correction: Play is a vital learning tool that supports all areas of development, including cognitive, social, and emotional skills.
    • Misconception: 'Safeguarding is only about protecting children from physical abuse.' Correction: Safeguarding includes emotional abuse, neglect, and exploitation, and involves promoting children's welfare and safety in all aspects.
    • Misconception: 'The EYFS is only about academic learning.' Correction: The EYFS covers all areas of learning and development, including personal, social, and emotional development, and physical development.

    Revision Plan

    How to revise this topic in 1–2 weeks

    1. 1Week 1: Focus on child development theories (e.g., Piaget, Vygotsky, Bowlby) and how they apply to practice. Create mind maps and flashcards for key theorists.
    2. 2Week 2: Revise safeguarding and the EYFS framework. Practice writing answers to exam questions on these topics, using the mark scheme to self-assess.
    3. 3Week 3: Review all units, focusing on areas of weakness. Complete past papers under timed conditions and seek feedback from tutors.
    4. 4Week 4: Consolidate learning by teaching a topic to a peer or writing a summary from memory. Use active recall techniques.

    Exam Question Types

    How this topic typically appears in the exam

    • 📋Multiple-choice questions: Test knowledge of key facts, such as definitions of terms or stages of development. Tip: Read each option carefully and eliminate clearly wrong answers.
    • 📋Short-answer questions (1-2 marks): Require concise definitions or explanations. Tip: Use correct terminology and keep answers focused.
    • 📋Extended writing questions (6-10 marks): Often ask to 'explain' or 'evaluate' a concept. Tip: Structure your answer with an introduction, main points, and conclusion, and use examples.
    • 📋Case study questions: Present a scenario and ask for analysis or recommendations. Tip: Apply your knowledge to the specific context and refer to the details given.

    Command Word Expectations (PEARSON EDUCATION LTD)

    What examiners look for when using specific command words in this specification

    Evaluate

    Give a balanced judgement, considering strengths and weaknesses, and conclude with a justified opinion. For example, evaluate the effectiveness of different types of play in supporting development.

    Explain

    Provide a detailed account of why or how something happens, with reasons and examples. For example, explain how attachment theory influences practice in early years settings.

    Identify

    State the key points or facts without elaboration. For example, identify three signs of neglect in a child.

    How Students Lose Marks (Examiner Pitfalls)

    Common mark loss traps and how to write 100% full-mark answers

    Pitfall: Students often confuse the different types of play (solitary, parallel, cooperative) and fail to link them to developmental stages.
    ❌ Weak Answer (Loses Marks):Play is important for children's development because it helps them learn new things.
    ✅ 100% Model Answer (Full Marks):Play is crucial for holistic development. For example, cooperative play, typically seen in children aged 3-5 years, involves group activities with shared goals, promoting social skills, language development, and problem-solving. This aligns with Piaget's preoperational stage where children begin to use symbols and engage in imaginative play, but still think egocentrically.
    Examiner Tip: Always name the type of play, link it to a specific age range, and explain the developmental benefits (cognitive, social, emotional, physical).
    Pitfall: In safeguarding questions, students often describe procedures but fail to mention the importance of confidentiality and the need to follow setting policies.
    ❌ Weak Answer (Loses Marks):If I suspect abuse, I would tell my manager and the police.
    ✅ 100% Model Answer (Full Marks):If I had concerns about a child's welfare, I would follow my setting's safeguarding policy. This involves recording my concerns objectively, reporting them to the designated safeguarding lead (DSL) without delay, and maintaining confidentiality by only sharing information on a need-to-know basis. I would not investigate myself or promise secrecy to the child. I would also ensure that my actions are in line with the 'Working Together to Safeguard Children' statutory guidance.
    Examiner Tip: Emphasise the importance of following policies, recording facts, and maintaining confidentiality. Use the acronym 'RID' (Record, Inform, Document) to structure your answer.

    Step-by-Step Worked Solutions

    Detailed solution breakdown for typical exam problems

    Question: A child aged 2 years is observed playing alongside other children but not interacting. Identify the type of play and explain how this play supports development. (4 marks)

    1. 1.Step 1: Identify the type of play: parallel play.
    2. 2.Step 2: Define parallel play: when a child plays alongside others but does not interact.
    3. 3.Step 3: Explain developmental benefits: it supports social development by allowing observation and imitation, and cognitive development through independent exploration.
    4. 4.Step 4: Link to age: typical for 2-3 year olds, as they are not yet ready for cooperative play.
    Final Answer: The child is engaging in parallel play, which is typical for 2-year-olds. This play supports social development by enabling observation and imitation of peers, and cognitive development through independent exploration and problem-solving.

    Question: Explain the difference between a statutory and a non-statutory framework in early years provision, and give one example of each. (4 marks)

    1. 1.Step 1: Define statutory framework: legally required and must be followed.
    2. 2.Step 2: Define non-statutory framework: guidance that supports but is not compulsory.
    3. 3.Step 3: Give example of statutory: The Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) framework.
    4. 4.Step 4: Give example of non-statutory: Development Matters guidance.
    Final Answer: A statutory framework is legally binding and must be followed, such as the EYFS. A non-statutory framework is guidance that supports practitioners but is not compulsory, such as Development Matters.

    Active Recall Memory Test

    Test your memory before revealing the key facts

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Common questions students ask about this topic

    Pass / Merit / Distinction Evidence Checklist

    How your portfolio evidence is graded for PEARSON EDUCATION LTD Support young people who are looked after or are leaving care

    Every vocational unit is marked against named criteria rather than an exam percentage. Your tutor's brief lists the exact codes for this unit — here is what each band is asking you to do.

    Pass (P)

    Demonstrate baseline knowledge, accurate terminology, and core practical application.

    Merit (M)

    Provide detailed analysis, structured explanations, and clear workplace reasoning.

    Distinction (D)

    Deliver thorough evaluation, original problem solving, and fully justified recommendations.

    Before You Start

    Prior knowledge that will help with this topic

    • Basic understanding of child development stages (e.g., from GCSE Health and Social Care).
    • Familiarity with the early years setting environment, possibly through work experience.
    • Knowledge of the EYFS framework is beneficial but not essential.

    Coursework AI Review

    Paste your assignment brief and check your draft against its P/M/D criteria

    Key Terminology

    Essential terms to know

    • Understand the issues affecting young people who are looked after or leaving care, Understand how to support young people who are looked after or leaving care, Know about the statutory and legal frameworks in relation to young people who are looked after or leaving care

    Ready to learn?

    AI-powered learning tailored to this unit