Myth and the City: Foundation Stories

This topic explores how ancient Greek and Roman cities used foundation myths to define their identity, justify their power, and explain their origins. You will study the stories of how cities like Athens, Rome, and Thebes were founded, focusing on key figures such as Theseus, Romulus, and Cadmus. These myths often involve divine intervention, heroic deeds, and dramatic events like battles or migrations, reflecting the values and beliefs of the societies that told them.

Understanding foundation stories is crucial because they reveal how the Greeks and Romans understood their past and their place in the world. These myths were not just entertaining tales; they were used to legitimise political authority, unite communities, and explain cultural practices. For example, the story of Romulus and Remus not only explains Rome's founding but also justifies its warlike nature and the importance of the pomerium (the sacred boundary of the city).

In the OCR GCSE Classical Civilisation course, this topic is part of the 'Myth and Religion' thematic study. It connects to other areas such as the role of heroes, the relationship between gods and mortals, and the function of myth in society. By analysing these stories, you will develop skills in source analysis, interpretation, and evaluation, which are essential for the exam.