Computer Science

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Systems architecture

This topic covers the fundamental architecture of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and its role within a computer system. It explores the fetch-execute cycle, key CPU components such as the ALU, CU, cache, and registers, as well as the impact of clock speed, cache size, and core count on performance, alongside the purpose and characteristics of embedded systems.

Memory and storage

This topic covers the fundamental principles of primary and secondary storage, including the roles of RAM, ROM, and virtual memory. It also explores data representation units, binary and hexadecimal number systems, character sets, and the digital representation of images and sound, alongside the principles of data compression.

Computer networks, connections and protocols

This topic covers the fundamental principles of computer networks, including the distinction between LANs and WANs, network topologies, and the hardware required for connectivity. It also explores network protocols, the concept of layers, and the methods used for data transmission and addressing in both wired and wireless environments.

Network security

This topic covers the various threats to computer systems and networks, including malware, social engineering, and brute-force attacks. It also details the methods used to identify and prevent these vulnerabilities, such as penetration testing, firewalls, and encryption.

Systems software

This topic covers the essential role of systems software in managing computer hardware and providing a platform for application software. It focuses on the specific functions of operating systems, including memory management, user management, and file management, alongside the purpose and functionality of utility software for system maintenance.

Ethical, legal, cultural and environmental impacts of digital technology

This topic explores the wide-ranging impacts of digital technology on society, covering ethical, legal, cultural, and environmental considerations. Students must understand how technology influences privacy and society, the purpose of relevant legislation, and the differences between open source and proprietary software licensing.

Algorithms

This topic covers the fundamental principles of computational thinking, including abstraction and decomposition, alongside the design and refinement of algorithms. Students learn to represent algorithms using flowcharts and pseudocode, and must understand standard searching and sorting algorithms such as binary search, linear search, bubble sort, merge sort, and insertion sort.

Programming fundamentals

This topic covers the essential building blocks of programming, focusing on the practical application of variables, constants, operators, and control flow constructs. It requires students to demonstrate proficiency in sequence, selection, and iteration, as well as understanding data types and basic string manipulation and file handling operations.

Producing robust programs

This topic focuses on the development of robust programs through defensive design and rigorous testing. It covers techniques for anticipating misuse, validating inputs, and ensuring maintainability, alongside the systematic application of various testing methods to identify and rectify errors.

Boolean logic

This topic covers the fundamental principles of Boolean logic, focusing on the use of logic gates and truth tables. Students learn to interpret and construct logic diagrams using AND, OR, and NOT operators to solve problems.

Programming languages and Integrated Development Environments

This topic covers the characteristics and purposes of high-level and low-level programming languages, including the role of translators such as compilers and interpreters. It also explores the common tools and facilities provided by an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) to assist programmers in the development process.