Question 1

How do I analyse a transcript in the exam?

Accepted Answer

Start by reading the transcript carefully and noting the context (speakers, setting, purpose). Identify key linguistic features such as dialect, register, and discourse markers. Also note paralinguistic features like pauses, intonation, and pace if indicated. For each feature, explain its effect on the listener and how it contributes to the speaker's purpose. Use short quotations to support your points, and always link your analysis back to the question.

Question 2

What is the difference between spoken and written language analysis?

Accepted Answer

Spoken language analysis focuses on features unique to speech, such as turn-taking, overlaps, fillers, and intonation. Written language analysis typically deals with grammar, punctuation, and structure. In spoken language, you also consider the immediate context and the relationship between speakers. While both require attention to audience and purpose, spoken language is more dynamic and less planned, so you must account for spontaneity and non-fluency.

Question 3

Why do we study spoken language in GCSE English Language?

Accepted Answer

Studying spoken language helps you understand how communication works in real life, from casual conversations to formal speeches. It develops your critical listening skills and your ability to evaluate how language shapes identity, relationships, and power. It also prepares you for the spoken language endorsement and for analysing media like interviews and podcasts. These skills are valuable for further study and careers in fields like law, journalism, and education.

Question 4

How can I improve my analysis of paralinguistic features?

Accepted Answer

Practice by listening to recordings of conversations, speeches, or interviews and noting features like tone, pitch, volume, and pace. Ask yourself: How does the speaker's voice change? What emotions or attitudes are conveyed? In the exam, look for clues in the transcript (e.g., 'pauses', 'laughs') and describe their effect. For example, a slow pace might indicate seriousness, while a rising tone could suggest a question or uncertainty.

Question 5

What are adjacency pairs and why are they important?

Accepted Answer

Adjacency pairs are pairs of utterances that are linked in conversation, such as question-answer, greeting-greeting, or offer-acceptance/refusal. They are important because they show how conversations are structured and how speakers cooperate to maintain interaction. In analysis, you can comment on how adjacency pairs create coherence or how a speaker might break the pattern for effect (e.g., answering a question with another question to avoid answering).

Question 6

How do I evaluate the effectiveness of a spoken text?

Accepted Answer

To evaluate effectiveness, consider whether the speaker achieves their purpose (e.g., to inform, persuade, entertain) given the audience and context. Look at how language features and paralinguistic elements work together. For example, a politician using rhetorical questions and a confident tone might effectively persuade an audience. Also consider any barriers to communication, such as hesitations or unclear pronunciation, and how they affect the message.

Responding to spoken language

Topic Overview

Key Concepts

What You Need to Demonstrate

Marking Points

Examiner Tips

Common Mistakes

Frequently Asked Questions

Before You Start

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Related Topics in OCR GCSE English Language

Communicating information and ideas (01)

E2E stub topic

Exploring effects and impact (02)

Presenting information and ideas

How to Revise Responding to spoken language — OCR GCSE English Language

Examiner Tips for Responding to spoken language

Common Mistakes in Responding to spoken language

Key Marking Points