Prose Set Text Group 1 (2023–24): Thucydides, Histories Book 6.19–6.32

Thucydides' Histories Book 6.19–6.32 covers the pivotal debate in Athens over the Sicilian Expedition (415 BCE), a turning point in the Peloponnesian War. This section includes speeches by Nicias and Alcibiades, who argue for and against the expedition, revealing key themes of Athenian imperialism, democratic decision-making, and the dangers of overreach. Students must analyse the rhetorical strategies used by both speakers and understand the historical context, including Athens' imperial ambitions and the fragile peace after the Peace of Nicias.

The passage is crucial for OCR A-Level Greek because it exemplifies Thucydides' historiographical methods: his use of speeches to explore motivations and his focus on human nature and power politics. Students are expected to translate the Greek accurately, identify stylistic features (e.g., antithesis, rhetorical questions), and discuss how Thucydides shapes the narrative to critique Athenian democracy. This section also connects to broader themes in Book 6, such as the role of demagogues and the consequences of hubris.

Mastering this passage requires close reading of the Greek text, attention to particles and word order, and an understanding of Athenian political institutions. The debate foreshadows the disastrous failure of the expedition, making it a key moment in Thucydides' tragic narrative. Students should consider how Thucydides uses the speeches to highlight the clash between cautious pragmatism (Nicias) and ambitious expansionism (Alcibiades), and how this reflects his own views on leadership and war.