Question 1

What is the difference between a primary survey and a secondary survey in Forest School first aid?

Accepted Answer

The primary survey is a rapid assessment for life-threatening conditions using the DRABC (Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Circulation) approach. It is done first to identify immediate dangers like unresponsiveness or severe bleeding. The secondary survey is a more detailed head-to-toe examination performed after the casualty is stable, checking for other injuries like fractures or minor cuts. In a Forest School setting, the primary survey is crucial because remote locations mean you must quickly decide if an ambulance is needed.

Question 2

How do you treat a child with hypothermia during a Forest School session?

Accepted Answer

First, move the child to a sheltered area if safe, or create shelter using tarps. Remove any wet clothing and wrap them in dry blankets, sleeping bags, or even dry leaves for insulation. Give warm, sweet drinks if they are conscious and able to swallow. Avoid direct heat like hot water bottles as this can cause burns or cardiac arrest. Monitor their breathing and consciousness, and call emergency services if they are unconscious or not improving. Never rub their skin or give alcohol.

Question 3

What should be in a Forest School first aid kit?

Accepted Answer

A Forest School first aid kit should include items for common outdoor injuries: sterile dressings and bandages (various sizes), triangular bandages, adhesive plasters, sterile wipes, disposable gloves, a resuscitation face shield, scissors, tweezers, safety pins, a foil emergency blanket, and a burn dressing or cling film. Additionally, include a tick removal tool, insect sting relief, and a waterproof container. The kit should be checked regularly and restocked after use.

Question 4

How do you handle a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) in a Forest School setting?

Accepted Answer

If a child shows signs of anaphylaxis (difficulty breathing, swelling, hives, or collapse), immediately call 999 or 112. Help them use their auto-injector (e.g., EpiPen) if they have one, following the instructions: remove the safety cap, press firmly into the outer thigh, and hold for 10 seconds. Lay them on their back with legs raised if they are conscious, or in the recovery position if unconscious. Monitor their breathing and be prepared to perform CPR. Do not give them anything to eat or drink.

Question 5

What is the correct way to treat a burn from a campfire?

Accepted Answer

Cool the burn under cool running water for at least 20 minutes. Do not use ice, butter, or creams. Remove any clothing or jewellery near the burn unless stuck to the skin. Cover the burn with a sterile, non-fluffy dressing or cling film (lay it over, not wrap tightly). For burns larger than a 50p coin, or if blistered, seek medical advice. In Forest School, you may need to use a clean plastic bag if no proper dressing is available, but always prioritise cooling.

Question 6

How do you assess if a casualty has a spinal injury in a Forest School environment?

Accepted Answer

Suspect a spinal injury if the casualty has fallen from a height, been hit by a falling branch, or had a sudden impact. Signs include neck or back pain, numbness, weakness in limbs, or loss of bladder control. Do not move them unless they are in immediate danger (e.g., fire). Keep them still, support their head and neck with your hands or rolled-up clothing, and call emergency services. If you must move them, use a log roll technique with multiple people to keep the spine aligned.

CTQ Level 3 Award in Forest School First Aid

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