Rebellion and disorder under the Tudors, 1485–1603

This topic explores the causes, nature, and consequences of rebellion and disorder in Tudor England from 1485 to 1603. It covers key rebellions such as the Pilgrimage of Grace (1536), the Western Rebellion (1549), and the Essex Rebellion (1601), examining their political, religious, economic, and social roots. Students analyse how Tudor monarchs responded to threats, from Henry VII's use of bonds and recognisances to Elizabeth I's reliance on local gentry and propaganda. The topic also considers the role of faction, dynastic challenges, and popular grievances in shaping Tudor governance.

Understanding rebellion is crucial because it reveals the limits of Tudor authority and the mechanisms of control that allowed the dynasty to survive despite frequent unrest. Rebellions often stemmed from tensions between centre and periphery, religious change, and economic hardship. By studying these events, students gain insight into the evolving relationship between the crown and its subjects, the effectiveness of Tudor government, and the broader social and political context of the 16th century.

This topic fits into the wider A-Level course by connecting to themes of monarchy, parliament, and state formation. It complements studies of Tudor government, religion, and society, showing how rebellion tested the crown's ability to enforce its will. Comparisons across reigns highlight continuity and change, such as the shift from dynastic to religiously motivated rebellions after the Reformation. Mastery of this topic equips students to evaluate historical debates about the 'Tudor Revolution in Government' and the nature of early modern popular politics.