This subtopic examines key sociological theories—functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism—and their practical application within public services such as policing, healthcare, and social work. It explores how socialisation processes and institutions shape individual and group behaviours, and critically analyses the role of public services in addressing contemporary social issues like crime, poverty, and health disparities. Learners will evaluate how societal inequalities based on class, gender, ethnicity, and age influence public service delivery and policy-making.
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