Question 1

What does the Bible say about divorce?

Accepted Answer

The Bible contains several passages on divorce. In the Old Testament, Deuteronomy 24:1-4 allowed divorce if a husband found 'something indecent' in his wife. In the New Testament, Jesus taught in Matthew 19:3-9 that divorce was permitted only in cases of adultery (except for 'marital unfaithfulness'), and that remarriage after divorce constitutes adultery. Paul later allowed divorce if an unbelieving spouse leaves (1 Corinthians 7:15). Different Christian denominations interpret these passages differently, with Catholics forbidding divorce entirely and most Protestants allowing it in limited circumstances.

Question 2

Is contraception allowed in Islam?

Accepted Answer

Yes, contraception is generally permitted in Islam, but with conditions. The Qur'an does not explicitly forbid it, and the Prophet Muhammad is reported to have allowed coitus interruptus (azl). Most scholars agree that contraception is permissible for reasons such as spacing children, preserving the mother's health, or economic hardship. However, permanent contraception (sterilisation) is usually forbidden unless medically necessary. Both spouses must consent, and methods that cause harm are prohibited. The intention should be responsible family planning, not rejection of children altogether.

Question 3

Why do some Christians oppose same-sex marriage?

Accepted Answer

Many Christians oppose same-sex marriage because they interpret biblical passages as condemning homosexual acts. Key verses include Leviticus 18:22 ('You shall not lie with a male as with a woman; it is an abomination') and Romans 1:26-27, which describes same-sex relations as 'unnatural'. They also believe that marriage is ordained by God as a union between a man and a woman, based on Genesis 2:24. However, other Christians, including some liberal denominations, argue that these passages are culturally specific and that the core Christian message is about love and inclusion, leading them to support same-sex marriage.

Question 4

What is the difference between a nuclear family and an extended family?

Accepted Answer

A nuclear family consists of two parents and their children living together as a single unit. This is common in many Western societies. An extended family includes other relatives beyond the nuclear unit, such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins, often living together or in close proximity. In religious contexts, extended families are often valued for providing support and care across generations. For example, in Islam, maintaining family ties is a religious duty, and extended family networks are common. Christianity also emphasises caring for elderly parents (e.g., 1 Timothy 5:8).

Question 5

Do all Christians believe that marriage is a sacrament?

Accepted Answer

No, not all Christians believe marriage is a sacrament. The Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, and some Anglican traditions consider marriage a sacrament—a visible sign of God's grace. However, most Protestant denominations (e.g., Baptists, Methodists, Pentecostals) view marriage as a holy ordinance or covenant rather than a sacrament. They still see it as a sacred commitment before God, but they do not believe it confers grace in the same way as baptism or communion. This difference affects views on divorce and remarriage, as sacramental marriages are often considered indissoluble.

Question 6

What does humanism say about relationships and families?

Accepted Answer

Humanism, a non-religious worldview, emphasises reason, ethics, and human flourishing. Humanists believe that relationships and families are valuable because they bring happiness, support, and personal growth. They support the right of individuals to choose their own relationships, including same-sex partnerships and cohabitation, without religious interference. Humanists advocate for gender equality in relationships and reject traditional gender roles. They also support the use of contraception and the right to divorce if a relationship becomes harmful. For humanists, the quality of relationships matters more than their form, and they promote open communication, mutual respect, and consent.

Theme A: Relationships and families

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Related Topics in AQA GCSE Religious Studies

Authority

Beliefs about the nature of human life

Beliefs and teachings

Buddhism

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