Area of Study 1C – Islam (Study of Religion) — Edexcel GCSE Religious Studies

Area of Study 1C – Islam (Study of Religion) is a core component of the Edexcel GCSE Religious Studies course. This topic explores the beliefs, teachings, and practices of Islam, one of the world's major religions. Students examine the nature of Allah, the role of prophets (especially Muhammad), sacred texts like the Qur'an, and key practices such as the Five Pillars. Understanding Islam is essential for appreciating its influence on global history, culture, and contemporary issues, as well as for fostering religious literacy and respect in a diverse society.

This area of study is divided into two main sections: beliefs and teachings, and practices. In beliefs and teachings, students learn about the six articles of faith in Sunni Islam and the five roots of Usul ad-Din in Shi'a Islam, including Tawhid (the oneness of God), prophethood, and the afterlife. Practices cover the Five Pillars: Shahadah (declaration of faith), Salah (prayer), Zakah (charity), Sawm (fasting during Ramadan), and Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca). The course also addresses lesser-known practices like Jihad (struggle) and festivals such as Eid ul-Fitr and Eid ul-Adha.

Mastering this topic is vital for exam success because it forms a significant portion of the GCSE paper. Students must be able to explain Islamic concepts with precision, use key terminology accurately, and apply their knowledge to evaluate different perspectives. The skills developed here—analysis, evaluation, and empathy—are transferable to other areas of study and life. By engaging deeply with Islam, students not only prepare for exams but also gain a nuanced understanding of a faith practiced by over a billion people worldwide.

• →Tawhid: The absolute oneness and uniqueness of Allah, the most fundamental belief in Islam.
• →Prophethood (Risalah): Belief that Allah sent prophets, including Adam, Ibrahim, Musa, Isa, and Muhammad (the final prophet), to guide humanity.
• →The Five Pillars: The core practices of Islam: Shahadah, Salah, Zakah, Sawm, and Hajj.
• →The Qur'an: The holy book revealed to Muhammad, considered the literal word of Allah and the ultimate source of guidance.
• →The Afterlife (Akhirah): Belief in resurrection, judgment, heaven (Jannah), and hell (Jahannam), which shapes moral behaviour.

• Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of beliefs, practices and sources of authority (AO1)
• Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the influence of religion on individuals, communities and societies (AO1)
• Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of similarities and differences within and/or between religions and beliefs (AO1)
• Analyse and evaluate aspects of religion and belief, including their significance and influence (AO2)
• Construct and develop a sustained line of reasoning which is coherent, relevant, substantiated and logically structured (AO2)

• 💡Ensure you can compare and contrast beliefs and practices between Islam and Christianity, specifically regarding the afterlife and worship.
• 💡Be prepared to reference specific sources of wisdom and authority, such as the Qur’an, Hadith, and other texts, to support your answers.
• 💡Understand the common and divergent views within Islam, particularly between Sunni and Shi’a traditions.
• 💡Use specialist terminology correctly to gain SPaG marks.
• 💡For 'Evaluate' questions, ensure you create logical chains of reasoning underpinned by religious understanding and reach a justified conclusion.
• 💡Use precise Islamic terminology (e.g., Tawhid, Risalah, Akhirah) and explain it clearly. This shows depth of knowledge and can boost marks.
• 💡When evaluating, consider different perspectives within Islam (Sunni vs. Shi'a) and non-Muslim viewpoints. For example, discuss how the Five Pillars might be interpreted differently.
• 💡Structure your answers with clear points: state a belief, give evidence from the Qur'an or Hadith, explain its significance, and then evaluate. This 'PEEL' method (Point, Evidence, Explanation, Link) works well.

• Misconception: All Muslims are Arabs. Correction: Muslims come from diverse ethnic backgrounds worldwide; only about 20% of Muslims are Arab.
• Misconception: Jihad means 'holy war'. Correction: Jihad primarily means 'struggle'—the greater jihad is the personal struggle to live a good Muslim life; the lesser jihad can refer to defensive warfare with strict rules.
• Misconception: The Qur'an is the only source of authority. Correction: While the Qur'an is supreme, the Hadith (sayings and actions of Muhammad) and Sunnah (his customs) are also key sources for guidance.