Nucleophilic substitution of haloalkanes
What Nucleophilic substitution of haloalkanes means in Chemistry A-Level, as defined for OCR.
Definitions of Nucleophilic substitution of haloalkanes
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Reference: OCR
The haloalkane undergoes nucleophilic substitution in which the silver ion assists departure of the halide and the released halide ion is captured by silver ions.
A reaction in which the hydroxide ion, OH⁻, acts as the nucleophile and attacks the electron-poor carbon that carries the halogen, so the halogen is replaced.
The mechanism in which the lone pair on the carbon of CN⁻ attacks the δ⁺ carbon, the C–X bond breaks heterolytically and the halide ion leaves.
Primary haloalkanes hydrolyse when warm aqueous alkali, typically aqueous sodium hydroxide, replaces the halogen with an –OH group.
Topics that use Nucleophilic substitution of haloalkanes
- Carbon–carbon bond formation (OCR A-Level)
- Chromatography and qualitative analysis (OCR A-Level)
- Haloalkanes (OCR A-Level)
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