History A-Level
Reform, opening and the Four Modernisations
What Reform, opening and the Four Modernisations means in History A-Level, as defined for Pearson Edexcel.
Definition of Reform, opening and the Four Modernisations
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Read the wording for your board, then hide it and explain Reform, opening and the Four Modernisations in your own words. Rough notes are fine. This is a self-check, with no mark or grade.
Reference: Pearson Edexcel
Deng Xiaoping launched the Four Modernisations in 1978, opening trade and special zones as a growth stimulus.
Topics that use Reform, opening and the Four Modernisations
- Paper 3, Option 38.2: The making of modern China, 1860–1997 - 2 Ideologies and individuals behind economic growth (Pearson Edexcel A-Level)
Related terms
- Finance, banking and railway development
- Ideology and economic change
- Reform and modernisation
- State-led industrialisation and self-strengthening
- Collectivisation and central planning
- Market transition and capitalism
- State planning and Marxism
Using Reform, opening and the Four Modernisations in the exam
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