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    Mathematics A-Level

    Proof by deduction

    What Proof by deduction means in Mathematics A-Level, as defined for AQA, Pearson Edexcel, WJEC.

    Definitions of Proof by deduction

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    Reference: WJEC

    Starts with clear algebraic definitions, such as an even integer expressed as 2k and an odd integer as 2k + 1 for k ∈ ℤ, and uses algebraic expansion and factorisation to demonstrate closure.
    WJEC · Proof (AS Unit 1: Pure Mathematics A)
    Uses algebra or known results to show a statement is always true, for example completing the square to prove x² + 4x + 7 > 0 for all real x.
    Pearson Edexcel · Proof (study guide)
    Uses algebra or known results to show a statement is always true, proceeding from given assumptions through logical steps to a conclusion.
    AQA · A: Proof (study guide)
    A proof method that uses definitions and valid logical or algebraic steps to establish a result for every value in the stated domain.
    WJEC · Overarching themes - Mathematical argument, language and proof (study guide)

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