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    Biology A-Level

    NPP = GPP - R

    What NPP = GPP - R means in Biology A-Level, as defined for AQA.

    Definition of NPP = GPP - R

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    Reference: AQA

    The relationship in which respiratory losses are subtracted from gross primary production to give net primary production.
    AQA · Energy and ecosystems (A-level only) (study guide)

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