Fundamentals of computer networks: Define what a computer network is.

The idea

A computer network is two or more computing devices connected together so that they can communicate and share resources. The connection may be wired, using cables, or wireless, using radio signals. Once connected, devices can exchange data such as messages and files, and share hardware such as printers or storage. A network can be small, like two computers in one room, or large, like the internet linking devices worldwide. The key idea is connection for communication and sharing, not simply that the devices exist. A standalone computer working alone is not a network. When defining a network, state that devices are linked and give the purpose of that link: to communicate and to share resources.

What earns the marks

• States that a network connects two or more computing devices together.
• Explains that the purpose of the connection is to allow devices to communicate and exchange data.
• Identifies that connected devices can share resources such as files, printers or an internet connection.
• Recognises that connections may be wired or wireless.
• Distinguishes a network from a single standalone device working in isolation.

Common mistakes and how to put them right

• Describes a network as a single computer.

  Put it right: State that it links two or more devices.

• Lists only hardware without giving the purpose.

  Put it right: Include communication and resource sharing.

• Confuses the internet with any network.

  Put it right: Note that the internet is one very large network, while smaller networks also exist.

• Assumes networks must be wired.

  Put it right: Recognise that wireless connections also form networks.

Exam tips

• Include both parts of the definition: devices are connected, and the reason is to communicate and share.
• Use a concrete example such as two computers sharing a printer to support your definition.
• Keep the answer focused on what a network is rather than listing network hardware.
• Check that your definition would exclude a single standalone computer.