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    History A-Level

    Diplomacy and alliances

    What Diplomacy and alliances means in History A-Level, as defined for AQA, Pearson Edexcel.

    Definitions of Diplomacy and alliances

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    Reference: AQA

    The vital alliance with Damascus was shattered, and the Byzantine Empire suffered severe reputational damage in the Latin West, where Manuel I was scapegoated for defeats in Anatolia.
    AQA · 1A The Age of the Crusades, c1071–1204 – The foundation of new states and the Second Crusade, c1099–1149 (study guide)
    A formidable Dutch-English alliance was created, dedicated to curbing French expansionism and providing William with English resources to support the Dutch Republic against France.
    AQA · 2F The Sun King: Louis XIV, France and Europe, 1643– 1715 (A-level only) – Challenges in Europe, 1685–1697 (study guide)
    Strategic alliances with Muslim neighbours were sought, alongside appeals to the West for new crusades, though external reinforcements were often unreliable and temporary.
    AQA · 1A The Age of the Crusades, c1071–1204 – consequence in this period through the following key questions: (study guide)
    Louis negotiated the Secret Treaty of Dover with Charles II of England, providing subsidies in exchange for English naval support, to isolate the Dutch.
    AQA · 2F The Sun King: Louis XIV, France and Europe, 1643– 1715 (A-level only) – Louis XIV and Europe, 1661–1685 (study guide)
    Peter used dynastic marriages and diplomatic missions to integrate Russia into European alliance systems and project influence into northern Germany.
    AQA · 1E Russia in the Age of Absolutism and Enlightenment, 1682–1796 (A-level only) – Increasing the glory of Russia, 1707–1725 (study guide)
    The renewal of war had diplomatic implications, including alliances and diplomatic realignments, and led to the Treaty of Troyes.
    Pearson Edexcel · Paper 3, Option 30: Lancastrians, Yorkists and Henry VII, 1399–1509 - 2 Henry V and the conquest of France, 1413–21 (study guide)

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